A woman, 6 months pregnant, came to the center for consultation. Which of the following substances is contraindicated?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Retinol 200,000 IU. Retinol in high doses can cause birth defects in a developing fetus. Pregnant women should avoid excessive vitamin A intake to prevent harm to the baby. Tetanus toxoid (A), ferrous sulfate (C), and potassium iodate (D) are safe and recommended for pregnant women to support their health and the baby's development. In summary, retinol 200,000 IU is contraindicated due to the potential for birth defects, while the other choices are safe and beneficial during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Folic Acid. Folic Acid deficiency during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Folic acid is crucial for proper neural tube formation in early pregnancy. Niacin (A), Riboflavin (B), and Thiamine (D) deficiencies do not directly impact neural tube development. Niacin is important for energy production, riboflavin for cell growth and function, and thiamine for nerve function, but they do not specifically affect neural tube closure like folic acid does.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a healthcare provider attending to a delivery, noting the interval, duration, and intensity of labor and contractions is crucial for assessing the progress of labor and ensuring the safety of both the mother and the baby. This information helps in determining if the delivery is progressing normally or if there are any complications that require immediate attention. Setting up a sterile area (choice A) and putting on a clean gown and apron (choice B) are important steps but should come after assessing the labor progress. Cleansing the client's vulva with soap and water (choice C) is not recommended during labor as it can introduce bacteria and increase the risk of infection.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because putting the baby to breast stimulates the release of oxytocin, which helps the uterus contract and reduce post-delivery blood loss. This promotes faster recovery for the mother. A: Incorrect - Lactation usually begins within 24-48 hours, not 1 to 3 days after delivery. B: Incorrect - Nipple stretching exercises are not necessary for breastfeeding success and can cause discomfort. C: Incorrect - Excessive washing of nipples can strip away natural oils and cause dryness or irritation, affecting breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Primigravida refers to a woman pregnant for the first time. 2. Colostrum is the first milk produced after childbirth, rich in antibodies and nutrients. 3. Offering the breast within 30 minutes ensures the baby receives this vital colostrum. 4. Colostrum provides immune protection and establishes the baby's gut microbiome. 5. Options A and B relate to mature milk production, not colostrum. 6. Option D focuses on practice, not the immediate benefits of colostrum.