ATI LPN
Quiz Questions Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A term generally used to describe all white blood cells is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: leukocytes. Leukocytes are a general term encompassing all white blood cells, which play a crucial role in the immune system. They are responsible for defending the body against infections and foreign invaders. Hematopoietic cells (A) refer to the cells that give rise to all blood cells, including red and white blood cells. Myeloid progenitors (B) are specific progenitor cells that give rise to certain types of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Dendritic cells (C) are a specific type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune response by presenting antigens to other immune cells. Overall, leukocytes are the most appropriate term to describe all white blood cells due to their broad and inclusive nature in the immune system.
Question 2 of 5
While the nurse is aware that blood type O is the universal donor, the nurse should also know that patients with blood type O can only receive which blood type?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Blood type O individuals can only receive blood type O due to the presence of antibodies against blood types A and B. Since blood type O lacks A and B antigens, it is safe for individuals with blood type O to receive only blood type O. Choice A (A) contains A antigens, choice B (B) contains B antigens, and choice C (AB) contains both A and B antigens, making them incompatible with blood type O.
Question 3 of 5
Which patient exhibits signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Hemochromatosis is a condition characterized by excessive iron absorption leading to iron overload. The 47-year-old male with fatigue, weight loss, bronzing of the skin (due to iron deposition), and elevated TIBC fits the typical presentation. Fatigue is common due to iron accumulation affecting various organs. Weight loss can occur due to organ damage. Bronzing of the skin is a classic sign. Elevated TIBC indicates the body's attempt to bind excess iron. Choices B, C, and D do not exhibit the classic signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis and are thus incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who has an irregular radial pulse. Which of the following ECG abnormalities should the nurse recognize as atrial flutter?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because atrial flutter typically presents with an atrial rate of 250-400/min and a ventricular rate that may vary. In this case, an atrial rate of 300/min with QRS complex of 80/min indicates a 3:1 AV block, which is characteristic of atrial flutter. Choice B (absent P waves with irregular QRS) is more indicative of atrial fibrillation. Choice C (ventricular rate of 150/min) does not provide specific information about the atrial activity to diagnose atrial flutter. Choice D (ST elevation) is not typically associated with atrial flutter.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is transfusing a unit of B-positive fresh frozen plasma to a client whose blood type is O-negative. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because transfusing blood products of an incompatible blood type can lead to severe reactions, including hemolysis. In this case, giving B-positive plasma to an O-negative recipient can cause a transfusion reaction due to ABO incompatibility. The nurse should stop the transfusion immediately to prevent harm to the client. Starting an IV infusion of normal saline helps maintain the client's fluid volume and supports kidney function in case of hemolysis. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because continuing the transfusion, monitoring for fever, or administering antihistamines do not address the immediate risk of ABO incompatibility and potential severe transfusion reactions in this situation.