A study is performed involving the relationship of diet and cancer. It is observed that inclusion of certain foods in the diet is associated with a decrease risk for subsequent Development of cancer. Which of the following foods is most likely to have this risk reducing effect?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Apples (fruits) contain antioxidants and fiber, linked to reduced cancer risk, unlike alcohol (rum) or processed meats (smoked meats), making C correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Aging typically decreases taste sensitivity due to fewer taste buds, not increases it, making D incorrect.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Dietary status typically refers to a record of recent intake, like a 24-hour recall, making C correct.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fats are energy-yielding nutrients (9 kcal/g), unlike water, vitamins, or minerals, making B correct.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ketonuria suggests fat breakdown (e.g., low-carb diet); asking all these assesses his diet, making D correct.