A primary care NP will begin practicing in a state in which the governor has opted out of the federal facility reimbursement requirement. The NP should be aware that this defines how NPs may write prescriptions:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the 2001 CMS rule change allows CRNAs to prescribe without supervision in states opting out, specifically in hospital settings. Choice A is incorrect as it applies to private practice, not CRNAs. Choice C is wrong since it misinterprets reimbursement implications. Choice D is inaccurate as supervision isn’t required in opted-out states for CRNAs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because Category X drugs (e.g., isotretinoin) have proven fetal harm outweighing benefits, so pregnant women must avoid them, per FDA classification. Choice A is incorrect as Category C drugs (e.g., fluoxetine) are used if benefits outweigh risks. Choice C is wrong because Category B drugs (e.g., acetaminophen) are generally safe. Choice D is incorrect since only Category X is universally avoided.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Choice A is correct because STOPP (Screening Tool of Older Persons' Prescriptions) flags drugs risky in the elderly (e.g., benzodiazepines), improving safety, per studies. Choice B is incorrect as START, not STOPP, initiates meds. Choice C is wrong because it's not about monitoring levels. Choice D is incorrect since only A applies.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because carbamazepine induces CYP3A4, speeding contraceptive metabolism and risking failure, per pharmacology data. Choice A is incorrect as warfarin doesn't affect contraceptive efficacy. Choice C is wrong because acetaminophen has no such interaction. Choice D is incorrect since only carbamazepine applies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is correct because lipid solubility affects gastric drug absorption by determining how easily a drug crosses the stomach's lipid membranes, a key pharmacokinetic factor. Choice A is incorrect as liver enzyme activity impacts metabolism, not gastric absorption. Choice B is wrong because protein binding affects distribution, not initial absorption. Choice D is incorrect since chewing and swallowing influence administration, not the absorption process in the stomach.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because Lexicomp offers pediatric dosing, Medline provides research, and PDR includes label data—all valuable for pediatric drug info. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one source. Choice B is wrong by itself because it's research-focused. Choice C is incorrect solo since PDR is label-specific.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because narcotics affect the CNS, increasing fall risk in the elderly, necessitating cognitive and motor evaluation. Choice A is incorrect as sleep patterns are less critical for safety. Choice B is wrong since constipation isn’t the primary safety concern. Choice C is inaccurate as renal function isn’t the main focus here.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because e-prescriptions improve legibility (no handwriting errors), enhance confidentiality (secure transmission), and reduce errors (e.g., via alerts), per healthcare studies. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one benefit. Choice B is wrong by itself because confidentiality is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since error reduction is one aspect.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because short-term use (limits exposure), education (informs patients), and monitoring (early detection) all prevent dependence, per clinical guidelines. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one strategy. Choice B is wrong by itself because education is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since monitoring is only one approach.