ATI LPN
Gastrointestinal System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A previously healthy 42-year-old woman presents to the emergency room complaining of a 10-day history of abdominal pain and fever. She also notes that for the last three days her urine has been dark. She denies alcohol intake or illicit drug use. Her last menstrual period ended five days ago. Physical examination reveals tenderness in right upper quadrant and icteric discoloration of the skin, but no palpable mass in the abdomen. Blood tests demonstrate a white blood cell count of 8.3/ L, total bilirubin of 3.4 mg/dL, alkaline phosphatase of 280 IU/L, amylase of 54 U/L, and lipase of 47 U/L. A CT scan of the abdomen demonstrates a dilated biliary duct (18 mm in diameter) with a possible stone in it. There are no stones in the gallbladder. The intrahepatic ducts are not dilated. The pancreas appears normal. The patient is admitted to the hospital. The next morning an ERCP is performed and reveals a single choledochal cyst (2 cm in diameter) of the common bile duct with a single stone inside the cyst. Endoscopic sphincterotomy is done and the stone is removed from the choledochal cyst. What further management would you offer this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choledochal cysts carry high malignant potential. The estimated risk of development of cholangiocarcinoma from the choledochal cyst is $3 \%$ to $20 \%$. Laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy will not decrease the risk of future development of cholangiocarcinoma.
Question 2 of 5
The presence of which of the following antibody tests (IgG) indicate probable immunity to hepatitis B?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surface antibody is indicative of immunity to hepatitis B infection. Core IgG antibody and antibody to e antigen indicate past or current infection but do not confer immunity.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements about pulmonary manifestations of liver disease is incorrect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hepatopulmonary syndrome is characterized by platypnea (difficulty breathing when going from lying to sitting) and orthodeoxia (decreased oxygen saturation upon sitting). It is associated with left-to-right shunting of blood. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and primary biliary cirrhosis are associated with the parenchymal lung diseases mentioned in B and D.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a recommended dietary modification for patients with PUD?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Frequent, small meals help buffer stomach acid and reduce irritation of the ulcer, making it a recommended dietary strategy for PUD management.
Question 5 of 5
What lifestyle change is most beneficial for a patient with PUD?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A balanced diet supports healing, avoids irritants, and maintains overall health, making it the most beneficial lifestyle change for PUD.