A preschool child is seen in the clinic, and the nurse anticipates a diagnosis of leukemia. Which reaction does the nurse anticipate this child will exhibit upon diagnosis?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because preschool-aged children typically lack the cognitive capacity to fully understand complex medical conditions like leukemia and its severity. They may not grasp the concept of illness or the implications of a cancer diagnosis. Preschoolers are unlikely to exhibit acceptance (Choice A) as they may struggle to comprehend the situation. They are also not likely to blame themselves for causing the illness (Choice B) as this requires a more advanced understanding of cause and effect. While some children may have a basic understanding of cancer and its treatment (Choice C), they are unlikely to fully comprehend the disease's complexities. Overall, the most likely reaction for a preschooler diagnosed with leukemia is unawareness due to their developmental stage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Obtaining daily weight measurements. Daily weight measurements are crucial in monitoring fluid status in clients with glomerulonephritis, as sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention and worsening of the condition. This intervention allows for early detection of fluid imbalances, guiding appropriate fluid management and treatment adjustments. Assessing vital signs every four hours (choice A) is important but not the highest priority in this scenario, as monitoring weight is more specific for fluid status changes. Monitoring intake and output every 12 hours (choice B) is also important, but not as immediate as obtaining daily weight measurements. Obtaining serum electrolyte levels daily (choice D) is essential, but weight measurements take precedence in assessing fluid status.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apricots. Apricots are high in potassium, which can be harmful for a child with end-stage renal disease due to decreased kidney function. Excess potassium can lead to dangerous heart rhythm abnormalities. Cranberry juice (B), apples (C), and peach Italian ice (D) do not pose the same risk of high potassium levels. Therefore, avoiding apricots is crucial for the child's safety.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Intubation setup. In a newborn with a diaphragmatic hernia, there is a risk of respiratory distress due to lung compression. Intubation may be necessary to assist with breathing. The nurse should ensure the intubation setup is prepared to provide immediate respiratory support if needed. Choice B (Appropriate bag and mask) may be used for initial respiratory support but intubation provides more secure airway management. Choice C (Sterile gauze and saline) is not directly related to managing a diaphragmatic hernia. Choice D (Soft arm restraints) is not necessary for this specific situation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Whole milk is high in saturated fat and calories, contributing to excessive weight gain. Switching to 2 percent milk reduces fat intake. Step 2: Decreasing milk consumption and limiting fruit juice helps balance calorie intake and encourages the child to eat solid foods. Step 3: Offering water in between meals ensures hydration without additional calories. Step 4: Adjusting the child's diet in this manner promotes healthier eating habits and can help normalize weight-to-height percentile. In summary, option C is correct as it addresses the concerns of excessive milk and juice consumption while promoting a balanced diet. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because eliminating fruit juice alone may not address the overall calorie intake issue. Healthy snacks and creative presentation may not address the specific problem of excessive milk consumption. Increasing exercise alone may not directly impact the child's diet and weight-to-height percentile.