ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Fundamentals Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A postoperative client asks the nurse why it is so important to deep-breathe and cough after surgery. When formulating a response, the nurse incorporates the understanding that retained pulmonary secretions in a postoperative client can lead to which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pneumonia,' as retained secretions foster bacterial growth, leading to lung inflammation unlike 'hypoxemia' (B), a symptom, 'fluid imbalance' (C), unrelated, or 'pulmonary embolism' (D), clot-based. In nursing, teaching coughing prevents pneumonia; A aligns with NCLEX Perioperative, emphasizing postoperative respiratory risk education.
Question 2 of 5
A 47-year-old patient is having surgery to remove kidney stones. What is the correct classification for this surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Surgery to remove kidney stones is classified as restorative because it restores normal urinary function by eliminating obstructions, improving the patient's health and comfort. Emergent surgery implies immediate life-threatening conditions, not typical for kidney stones unless complications like sepsis arise. Palliative surgery relieves symptoms without curing, unlike this functional correction. Urgent surgery suggests prompt need, possible but not the primary classification here, which focuses on purpose. The rationale lies in the restorative intent: removing stones prevents recurrent pain and infection, aligning with surgery's goal to repair or enhance organ function. Nursing supports this through preoperative care and postoperative recovery, emphasizing restoration over urgency or palliation.
Question 3 of 5
Which postoperative interventions will the nurse typically teach a patient to prevent complications following surgery? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postoperative teaching includes incision splinting , range-of-motion exercises , and deep-breathing exercises (choice E, not listed) to prevent complications like dehiscence, thrombosis, and atelectasis. Massaging legs risks emboli; delaying pain meds hinders recovery. The rationale emphasizes prevention: splinting supports wounds during coughing, reducing dehiscence; exercises promote circulation and lung expansion. Nursing educates to empower self-care, contrasting risky (massage) or ineffective (pain delay) actions, ensuring optimal healing and complication avoidance.
Question 4 of 5
Which factors may lead to an anesthetic overdose in a patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anesthetic overdose factors include slowed metabolism , older age , fat retention , and liver/kidney disease (choice E, not listed). Uncooperative behavior affects management, not overdose. The rationale explains pharmacokinetics: elderly patients and those with impaired liver/kidney function metabolize drugs slower, accumulating anesthetics; fat stores retain lipophilic agents, prolonging effects. Nursing monitors these risks, adjusting care (e.g., dosing, ventilation), ensuring safety, distinct from behavioral challenges.
Question 5 of 5
The patient in the OR holding area tells the nurse that his surgery is for the right foot. The patient's chart states that the surgery is for his left foot. What is the nurse's best action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse notifies the surgeon immediately to resolve the discrepancy, preventing wrong-site surgery. Ignoring , noting , or delegating delays action. The rationale prioritizes safety: premedication may confuse patients, but chart-patient mismatches require verification with the surgeon, per Joint Commission standards. Nursing halts progression, ensuring accuracy, critical for avoiding irreversible errors, distinct from passive or misdirected responses.