ATI LPN
Perioperative Nursing Care Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A pediatric nurse practitioner is caring for a child who has just been diagnosed with asthma. The nurse has provided the parents with information that includes potential causative agents for an asthmatic reaction. What potential causative agent should the nurse describe?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pets are a common causative agent for asthma reactions in children, triggering airway inflammation via allergens like dander, saliva, or fur proteins. In sensitized kids, this initiates an IgE-mediated response, causing bronchospasm, mucus production, and dyspnea core asthma features. Lack of sleep may worsen coping but doesn't directly provoke attacks. Psychosocial stress can exacerbate symptoms via neuroimmune pathways but isn't a primary trigger. Bacteria cause infections, potentially worsening asthma, but aren't typical allergens. The nurse's focus on pets backed by allergy studies educates parents to identify and mitigate triggers (e.g., pet-free zones), empowering proactive management in this child's new asthma diagnosis, per pediatric asthma guidelines.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is completing a medication history for the surgical patient in preadmission testing. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the patient to hold in preparation for surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ibuprofen, an NSAID, should be held before surgery because it inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time, increasing postoperative bleeding risk. This anticoagulant effect, lasting days, heightens hemorrhage potential in surgical wounds. Acetaminophen, a pain reliever without antiplatelet action, poses no bleeding risk and is safe preoperatively. Vitamin C supports wound healing with no surgical contraindications. Miconazole, an antifungal, doesn't affect clotting or surgery. The nurse's instruction to hold ibuprofen typically 7-10 days prior, per physician guidance mitigates bleeding complications, ensuring safer hemostasis during and after the procedure, a key preoperative safety measure.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse explains the pain relief measures available after surgery during preoperative teaching for a surgical patient. Which of the following comments from the patient indicates the need for additional education on this topic?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The comment 'I will have minimal pain because of the anesthesia' signals a need for more education, as anesthesia prevents pain during surgery, not after. Postoperative pain is expected as tissues heal and nerve endings react, requiring management like medications or splinting. Taking meds as prescribed and rating pain on a scale show understanding of pain control. Using meds before exercises aids mobility, a correct strategy. The nurse must clarify that anesthesia's effect ends post-procedure, preparing the patient for pain management options to ensure realistic expectations and effective recovery, per preoperative teaching goals.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite who is experiencing hypercarbia, tachypnea, tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and muscle rigidity. The nurse suspects that this patient may be experiencing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Malignant hyperthermia, a rare anesthesia complication, matches these symptoms hypercarbia (elevated CO2), tachypnea, tachycardia, PVCs, and muscle rigidity triggered by agents like succinylcholine. It's a hypermetabolic crisis requiring urgent dantrolene. Hypoxia shows low oxygen, not CO2 rise. Fluid imbalance lacks rigidity, presenting volume-related signs. Hemorrhage causes tachycardia but not rigidity or hypercarbia blood loss is key. The nurse's suspicion drives immediate action, aligning with protocols to reverse this life-threatening state intraoperatively.
Question 5 of 5
The American Nurses Association definition of health emphasized on two factors which are
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines health as a dynamic state influenced by multiple factors, with a particular emphasis on environment and health status. 'Environment and Health status,' is correct because it reflects the ANA's holistic view, recognizing that health is shaped by one's surroundings (physical, social, and cultural) and current well-being, rather than just biological factors. 'Health and Wealth,' is incorrect, as wealth is not a core component of the ANA's definition, though it may indirectly influence health. 'Behaviour and development,' focuses on individual actions and growth, which are aspects of health but not the primary duo highlighted by the ANA. 'Economics and Environment,' includes environment but substitutes economics for health status, missing the ANA's focus on the individual's condition. The ANA's framework, rooted in nursing's patient-centered approach, prioritizes how environment interacts with health status to define well-being, making C the accurate choice based on its established standards.