ATI LPN
Renal System Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with recurrent urinary tract infections has just undergone a cystoscopy and complains of slight hematuria during the first void after the procedure. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Slight hematuria post-cystoscopy (B) is normal due to mucosal trauma, requiring reassurance and monitoring. Vitamin K (A), physician report (C), or catheterization (D) aren't needed, making B the best action.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with dysthymia is being treated. The nurse understands that dysthymia differs from major depression in that it:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dysthymia involves chronic, mild depressive symptoms lasting at least two years.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is admitted to the ICU after a motor vehicle accident. On the second day of the hospital admission, the patient develops acute kidney injury. The patient is hemodynamically unstable, but renal replacement therapy is needed to manage the patients hypervolemia and hyperkalemia. Which of the following therapies will the patients hemodynamic status best tolerate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CVVHD facilitates the removal of uremic toxins and fluid. The hemodynamic effects of CVVHD are usually mild in comparison to hemodialysis, so CVVHD is best tolerated by an unstable patient. Peritoneal dialysis is not the best choice, as the patient may have sustained abdominal injuries during the accident and catheter placement would be risky. Plasmapheresis does not achieve fluid removal and electrolyte balance.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for an unstable patient with acute kidney injury. What therapy would the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CRRT is preferred for unstable patients due to its gentle effect.
Question 5 of 5
Match the description 'Passively permeable to water under ADH stimulation' to the structure: A) proximal convoluted tubule, B) descending limb of the nephron loop, C) collecting duct, D) ascending limb of the nephron loop.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The collecting duct (C) becomes water-permeable with ADH via aquaporin-2, concentrating urine. The proximal tubule (A) and descending limb (B) are always permeable, and ascending limb (D) is not, making C the ADH-dependent match.