ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with PUD is started on a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect of long-term PPI use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Long-term PPI use reduces calcium absorption, increasing osteoporosis risk.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement best describes the underlying cause of peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peptic ulcer disease results from an imbalance between aggressive factors (gastric acid, pepsin) and protective factors (mucus, bicarbonate), leading to mucosal erosion. Esophageal inflammation describes GERD, not PUD. Insulin overproduction is unrelated to PUD. Pancreatic duct blockage pertains to pancreatitis, not ulcers.
Question 3 of 5
The following hormones are important to the normal function of the gut: ( Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion and secretin stimulates bicarbonate-rich pancreatic secretion. CCK-PZ both stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion. Hydrogen potassium ATPase is an enzyme which determines the activity of the gastric proton pump. Though VIP excess is known to cause Verner-Morrison syndrome (watery diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, and achlorhydria) its role in health is doubtful.
Question 4 of 5
The diagram below represents a process that occurs in organisms. A Broken down to B. Which row in the chart indicates what A and B in the boxes could represent?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion, as enzymes like pepsin and trypsin hydrolyze peptide bonds. Starch breaks into sugars (not amino acids), and proteins don't yield sugars.
Question 5 of 5
Where does food pass through between the mouth and the stomach?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The gullet (esophagus) is the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach, making A correct. The rectum and intestines (C, D) are later in the digestive tract.