ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with nephrotic syndrome develops flank pain. The nurse will anticipate teaching the patient about treatment with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flank pain in nephrotic syndrome suggests renal vein thrombosis (B), treated with anticoagulants due to hypercoagulability from protein loss. Antibiotics (A) treat infection, corticosteroids (C) manage nephrosis, and antihypertensives (D) control BP, but B addresses the acute issue.
Question 2 of 5
A patient gives the admitting nurse health information before a scheduled intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which item requires the nurse to intervene before the procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iodine-based contrast dye is used during IVP and for many CT scans. The nurse will need to notify the health care provider before the procedures so that the patient can receive medications such as antihistamines or corticosteroids before the procedures are started. The other information does not have immediate implications for the patient's care during the procedures.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the patient's history and physical report. What is the term used to describe waste products building up in the blood?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uremia (D) describes waste buildup (e.g., BUN, creatinine) in blood from kidney dysfunction. Nitrosemia (A) and proteinemia (B) are not terms, and septicemia (C) is infection-related, making D the correct term.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient who has suspected kidney disease. A high specific gravity of urine is associated with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High specific gravity occurs with dehydration (A), diabetes mellitus (C), heart failure (E), and nephrosis (F), but A is a primary cause. Diabetes insipidus (B) lowers SG, and excess fluid (D) dilutes it, making A a key association.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing teaching on risk factors for prerenal injury. Which of these if stated by a patient indicates correct understanding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prerenal injury causes include NSAIDs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors which impair autoregulatory responses of the kidney.