ATI LPN
Questions on the Integumentary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has sought care because of the recent development of new skin lesions. The nurse should interpret these lesions as most likely suggestive of what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A reduction in the patient's CD4 count. Skin lesions in HIV patients are often indicative of immunosuppression due to a decrease in CD4 cells, which are crucial for the immune system. As HIV progresses, CD4 count decreases, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and skin manifestations. Option B is incorrect because skin lesions are not directly related to viral load. Option C is incorrect as antiretroviral therapy typically improves skin conditions. Option D is incorrect as skin lesions in HIV are not typically related to changes in allergy status.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assisting a patient who has a suspected diagnosis of tinea capitis (ringworm). For which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Wood's light examination. This test uses a special ultraviolet light to detect fungal infections like tinea capitis, which causes certain fungal species to fluoresce. The other choices are not appropriate for diagnosing tinea capitis. Patch test (A) is used to identify allergic contact dermatitis, scratch test (B) is used to identify immediate allergic reactions, and skin biopsy (C) is used to diagnose skin conditions like skin cancer or autoimmune diseases, not tinea capitis. Therefore, Wood's light examination is the most suitable test for diagnosing tinea capitis.
Question 3 of 5
Six weeks after an above-the-knee amputation (AKA), a patient returns to the outpatient office for a routine postoperative checkup. During the nurse's assessment, the patient reports symptoms of phantom pain. What should the nurse tell the patient to do to reduce the discomfort of the phantom pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Phantom pain is a common phenomenon post-amputation due to the brain still perceiving pain signals from the missing limb. 2. Opioid analgesics help manage phantom pain by blocking pain signals in the brain, providing relief. 3. Applying hot compresses (A) may not effectively address phantom pain, as it is neuropathic in nature. 4. Avoiding activity (B) does not address the underlying cause of phantom pain and may lead to physical deconditioning. 5. Elevating the level of the amputation site (D) does not directly target or alleviate phantom pain. Summary: Taking opioid analgesics as ordered (C) is the most appropriate intervention for managing phantom pain post-amputation, as it directly addresses the neuropathic nature of the pain and provides effective relief.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is being treated for a fractured hip and the nurse is aware of the need to implement interventions to prevent muscle wasting and other complications of immobility. What intervention best addresses the patient's need for exercise?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encouraging frequent use of the overbed trapeze. This intervention helps the patient to move and reposition themselves independently, promoting muscle strength and preventing muscle wasting. Leg lifts (A) may not be suitable for a patient with a fractured hip. Massage (B) can improve circulation but does not provide the necessary muscle-strengthening exercise. Log rolling (D) may be too intense for a patient with a fractured hip. Encouraging the use of the trapeze allows for safe and controlled movement, promoting mobility and preventing complications of immobility.
Question 5 of 5
An older patient has areas of psoriasis on the arms and legs. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Topical steroids. Topical steroids are commonly prescribed for psoriasis to reduce inflammation and itching. They help to control the symptoms and improve the appearance of the skin. Other choices are incorrect: B (Topical Benadryl) is an antihistamine and not typically used for psoriasis. C (Lidocaine patches) are used for pain relief, not for treating psoriasis. D (Systemic antibiotics) are not indicated for psoriasis unless there is a secondary bacterial infection.