ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with depression reports feeling worthless and unable to enjoy activities. The nurse recognizes these symptoms as indicative of which condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feelings of worthlessness and anhedonia are hallmark symptoms of major depressive disorder.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has presented with signs and symptoms that are characteristic of acute kidney injury, but preliminary assessment reveals no obvious risk factors for this health problem. The nurse should recognize the need to interview the patient about what topic?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidneys are susceptible to the adverse effects of medications because they are repeatedly exposed to substances in the blood. Nephrotoxic medications are a more likely cause of AKI than diet, allergies, or stress.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse reinforces teaching for a patient with calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which foods should the patient avoid?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Spinach is high in oxalates, which contribute to stone formation.
Question 4 of 5
The appearance of glucose in the urine:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucose appears in urine (glycosuria) when its plasma level exceeds the renal threshold (~180 mg/dL), saturating PCT carriers (D). It's not normal (A), unrelated to angiotensin II (B), and hypoglycemia (C) reduces glucose, making D the cause.
Question 5 of 5
Podocytes make up the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule (D), surrounding glomerular capillaries to filter plasma. Nephron (A) is broader, glomerulus (B) is capillaries, and renal capsule (C) is outer, making D precise.