A patient with coronary artery disease (CAD) is prescribed a statin medication. What should the nurse include in the patient education?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Statins can cause muscle pain or weakness as a side effect. Step 2: Prompt reporting of muscle pain or weakness is crucial to address potential myopathy or rhabdomyolysis. Step 3: Nurse should educate patient to report any muscle symptoms promptly for timely intervention and prevention of complications. Summary: Option B is correct as it emphasizes the importance of monitoring and reporting potential side effects of statins. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as taking with food, increasing grapefruit juice intake, and avoiding potassium-rich foods are not relevant considerations for statin therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Report any visual disturbances. This is important because digoxin can cause visual disturbances, such as blurred or yellow-tinted vision, which may indicate toxicity. By reporting these symptoms promptly, the nurse can prevent serious complications. A: Taking an extra dose if a dose is missed can lead to overdose and toxicity. B: Avoiding high-potassium foods is important for patients taking potassium-sparing diuretics, not digoxin. D: Stopping the medication if the pulse is normal is incorrect as it should be taken as prescribed for heart failure management.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C, hemoglobin level. Erythropoietin therapy is used to stimulate red blood cell production in CKD patients with anemia. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps assess the effectiveness of the therapy in improving anemia. If hemoglobin levels increase, it indicates the therapy is working. Summary of incorrect choices: A: Serum creatinine - This measures kidney function, not the effectiveness of erythropoietin therapy for anemia in CKD patients. B: White blood cell count - Monitors immune function, not related to erythropoietin therapy for anemia. D: Serum potassium - Important for monitoring electrolyte balance in CKD patients but not specific to assessing erythropoietin therapy effectiveness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take folic acid supplements as prescribed. Methotrexate can lead to folic acid deficiency, so supplementing with folic acid helps prevent side effects. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient on the importance of taking folic acid to maintain overall health. Choice B is incorrect. While it is generally recommended to limit alcohol consumption with methotrexate, avoiding it completely may not be necessary for all patients. Choice C is incorrect. Methotrexate takes time to work, often several weeks to months, so immediate results should not be expected. Choice D is incorrect. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not a standard recommendation for patients taking methotrexate. Adequate hydration is important for overall health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expect orange-red discoloration of body fluids. Rifampin is known to cause a harmless side effect of discoloration of body fluids, such as urine, sweat, saliva, and tears, turning them orange-red. This is a common occurrence and should be expected by the patient. Incorrect choices: A: Limit intake of green leafy vegetables - This advice is not necessary with rifampin. C: Avoid exposure to sunlight - There is no direct association between rifampin and sunlight exposure. D: Take the medication with antacids - Rifampin should not be taken with antacids as they can interfere with its absorption. In summary, the correct answer is B because it aligns with a known side effect of rifampin, while the other choices are not relevant to the medication.