ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with bipolar disorder is prescribed lithium. The nurse teaches the patient to monitor for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium can cause polyuria and polydipsia as side effects.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse reinforces teaching on risk factors for prerenal injury. Which statement indicates understanding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: NSAIDs reduce kidney perfusion, causing prerenal injury.
Question 3 of 5
Match the description 'Active transport of sodium; impermeable to water' to the structure: A) proximal convoluted tubule, B) descending limb of the nephron loop, C) collecting duct, D) ascending limb of the nephron loop.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ascending limb (D) actively transports sodium via Na/K/2Cl pumps and is impermeable to water, diluting filtrate. The proximal tubule (A) reabsorbs water, descending limb (B) is water-permeable, and collecting duct (C) varies with ADH, making D the match.
Question 4 of 5
The term cystitis refers to an infection of the urinary bladder
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder, typically from bacterial infection (A), a true medical term. False (B) would mischaracterize this common urinary condition, making A correct.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is found in the renal medulla?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The loop of Henle (D) extends into the renal medulla, aiding concentration. Pacemaker cells (A) are cardiac, islets (B) are pancreatic, and DCT (C) is cortical, making D the medullary structure.