A patient with anemia is prescribed ferrous sulfate. What advice should the nurse give regarding the administration of this medication?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Take on an empty stomach for best absorption. Ferrous sulfate is best absorbed on an empty stomach to maximize its effectiveness. When taken with food or dairy products (Choice A), the absorption of iron is reduced. Vitamin C actually enhances the absorption of iron, so avoiding it (Choice C) is not recommended. Taking the medication before bedtime (Choice D) may lead to gastrointestinal side effects and is not optimal for absorption.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C, hemoglobin level. Erythropoietin therapy is used to stimulate red blood cell production in CKD patients with anemia. Monitoring hemoglobin levels helps assess the effectiveness of the therapy in improving anemia. If hemoglobin levels increase, it indicates the therapy is working. Summary of incorrect choices: A: Serum creatinine - This measures kidney function, not the effectiveness of erythropoietin therapy for anemia in CKD patients. B: White blood cell count - Monitors immune function, not related to erythropoietin therapy for anemia. D: Serum potassium - Important for monitoring electrolyte balance in CKD patients but not specific to assessing erythropoietin therapy effectiveness.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take folic acid supplements as prescribed. Methotrexate can lead to folic acid deficiency, so supplementing with folic acid helps prevent side effects. It is important for the nurse to educate the patient on the importance of taking folic acid to maintain overall health. Choice B is incorrect. While it is generally recommended to limit alcohol consumption with methotrexate, avoiding it completely may not be necessary for all patients. Choice C is incorrect. Methotrexate takes time to work, often several weeks to months, so immediate results should not be expected. Choice D is incorrect. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day is not a standard recommendation for patients taking methotrexate. Adequate hydration is important for overall health.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expect orange-red discoloration of body fluids. Rifampin is known to cause a harmless side effect of discoloration of body fluids, such as urine, sweat, saliva, and tears, turning them orange-red. This is a common occurrence and should be expected by the patient. Incorrect choices: A: Limit intake of green leafy vegetables - This advice is not necessary with rifampin. C: Avoid exposure to sunlight - There is no direct association between rifampin and sunlight exposure. D: Take the medication with antacids - Rifampin should not be taken with antacids as they can interfere with its absorption. In summary, the correct answer is B because it aligns with a known side effect of rifampin, while the other choices are not relevant to the medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid foods high in vitamin K. Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist, so consuming high-vitamin K foods can counteract its effects. By avoiding such foods, the medication can work effectively in preventing further blood clot formation. Choice B is incorrect because dairy products do not directly interact with warfarin. Choice C is incorrect as citrus fruits do not have a significant impact on warfarin therapy. Choice D is incorrect as sodium intake is not directly related to the action of warfarin.