ATI LPN
Questions on the Integumentary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a suspected malignant melanoma is referred to the dermatology clinic. The nurse knows to facilitate what diagnostic test to rule out a skin malignancy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skin biopsy. A skin biopsy is the gold standard diagnostic test for evaluating suspected skin malignancies like malignant melanoma. It involves removing a small piece of skin tissue for examination under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancerous cells. This test provides definitive results to confirm or rule out skin malignancies. Choice A: Tzanck smear is used to diagnose herpes infections, not skin malignancies. Choice C: Patch testing is used to identify allergic contact dermatitis, not skin malignancies. Choice D: Skin scrapings are used to diagnose fungal infections, not skin malignancies.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a chemical burn injury. The priority nursing intervention is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: remove the patient's clothes and flush the area with water. This is the priority intervention because it helps to stop the burning process by removing the source of the chemical and diluting it with water. Flushing the area with water helps to prevent further damage to the skin and underlying tissues. Removing the patient's clothes is important to prevent further exposure to the chemical. Choice B (apply saline compresses) is not the priority because simply applying compresses does not address the need to remove the source of the chemical and dilute it. Choice C (contact a poison control center) is not the priority as immediate action is needed to stop the burning process. Choice D (remove all jewelry) is important but not the priority compared to removing the patient's clothes and flushing the area with water.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assisting a patient who has a suspected diagnosis of tinea capitis (ringworm). For which diagnostic test should the nurse prepare the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Wood's light examination. This test uses a special ultraviolet light to detect fungal infections like tinea capitis, which causes certain fungal species to fluoresce. The other choices are not appropriate for diagnosing tinea capitis. Patch test (A) is used to identify allergic contact dermatitis, scratch test (B) is used to identify immediate allergic reactions, and skin biopsy (C) is used to diagnose skin conditions like skin cancer or autoimmune diseases, not tinea capitis. Therefore, Wood's light examination is the most suitable test for diagnosing tinea capitis.
Question 4 of 5
Six weeks after an above-the-knee amputation (AKA), a patient returns to the outpatient office for a routine postoperative checkup. During the nurse's assessment, the patient reports symptoms of phantom pain. What should the nurse tell the patient to do to reduce the discomfort of the phantom pain?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Phantom pain is a common phenomenon post-amputation due to the brain still perceiving pain signals from the missing limb. 2. Opioid analgesics help manage phantom pain by blocking pain signals in the brain, providing relief. 3. Applying hot compresses (A) may not effectively address phantom pain, as it is neuropathic in nature. 4. Avoiding activity (B) does not address the underlying cause of phantom pain and may lead to physical deconditioning. 5. Elevating the level of the amputation site (D) does not directly target or alleviate phantom pain. Summary: Taking opioid analgesics as ordered (C) is the most appropriate intervention for managing phantom pain post-amputation, as it directly addresses the neuropathic nature of the pain and provides effective relief.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is being treated for a fractured hip and the nurse is aware of the need to implement interventions to prevent muscle wasting and other complications of immobility. What intervention best addresses the patient's need for exercise?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encouraging frequent use of the overbed trapeze. This intervention helps the patient to move and reposition themselves independently, promoting muscle strength and preventing muscle wasting. Leg lifts (A) may not be suitable for a patient with a fractured hip. Massage (B) can improve circulation but does not provide the necessary muscle-strengthening exercise. Log rolling (D) may be too intense for a patient with a fractured hip. Encouraging the use of the trapeze allows for safe and controlled movement, promoting mobility and preventing complications of immobility.