ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Gastrointestinal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a history of PUD is admitted with symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastric outlet obstruction requires decompression with a nasogastric tube to relieve pressure and prevent complications.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with PUD is started on a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect of long-term PPI use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Long-term PPI use reduces calcium absorption, increasing osteoporosis risk.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a known history of PUD presents with sudden, severe epigastric pain and vomiting. The nurse suspects a perforation. What diagnostic test should be performed immediately?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A CT scan quickly confirms perforation by detecting free air or fluid.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement best describes the underlying cause of peptic ulcer disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peptic ulcer disease results from an imbalance between aggressive factors (gastric acid, pepsin) and protective factors (mucus, bicarbonate), leading to mucosal erosion. Esophageal inflammation describes GERD, not PUD. Insulin overproduction is unrelated to PUD. Pancreatic duct blockage pertains to pancreatitis, not ulcers.
Question 5 of 5
The following hormones are important to the normal function of the gut: ( Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gastrin stimulates gastric acid secretion and secretin stimulates bicarbonate-rich pancreatic secretion. CCK-PZ both stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion. Hydrogen potassium ATPase is an enzyme which determines the activity of the gastric proton pump. Though VIP excess is known to cause Verner-Morrison syndrome (watery diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, and achlorhydria) its role in health is doubtful.