A patient with a history of PUD is admitted for observation after a sudden onset of severe abdominal pain. What diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate being ordered first?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, a CT scan of the abdomen. This diagnostic test would be ordered first because it can quickly visualize the abdominal organs and help identify any potential perforations or complications associated with PUD. A CT scan is non-invasive and provides detailed images to assist in making an accurate diagnosis promptly. A: Abdominal ultrasound may not provide as detailed information as a CT scan and may not be as effective in detecting certain complications related to PUD. C: Upper GI endoscopy is more invasive and may not be the initial choice for a patient with severe abdominal pain unless there is a clear indication. D: Barium swallow is not typically used as a first-line diagnostic test for acute abdominal pain in a patient with a history of PUD.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the physician immediately. This is the priority action because the patient is showing signs of a perforated peptic ulcer, a medical emergency that requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent complications like sepsis. Contacting the physician promptly allows for quick decision-making and coordination of emergency surgery. Administering pain medication (A) can mask symptoms and delay proper diagnosis and treatment. Emergency surgery (C) is necessary, but physician notification should come first. Inserting a nasogastric tube (D) may be indicated later for decompression, but it is not the immediate priority in this critical situation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Endoscopy with biopsy. This is the most commonly used test to confirm gastritis as it allows direct visualization of the stomach lining and collection of tissue samples for biopsy. Barium swallow (A) is used to diagnose structural abnormalities, not gastritis. Abdominal ultrasound (C) is more useful for evaluating organs like the liver and gallbladder. Stool culture (D) is used to identify bacterial infections in the stool, not diagnose gastritis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Co-trimoxazole. Co-trimoxazole is primarily eliminated through the kidneys and does not have prominent hepatic or gastrointestinal effects in overdose. In contrast, A (Co-phenotrope), C (Co-proxamol), and D (Co-codamol) can cause significant hepatic and gastrointestinal effects in overdose due to the presence of opioids or paracetamol. Co-phenotrope contains diphenoxylate (an opioid), Co-proxamol contains dextropropoxyphene (an opioid), and Co-codamol contains codeine and paracetamol. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it does not apply to drugs with significant hepatic and gastrointestinal effects in overdose.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (digestive and circulatory). The digestive system breaks down food into molecules like fatty acids, which are needed for fat synthesis. The circulatory system then transports these molecules to cells for fat synthesis. The other choices are incorrect because the excretory system is involved in waste removal, the immune system defends against pathogens, the muscular system supports movement, and the reproductive system is responsible for reproduction, none of which are directly related to providing molecules for fat synthesis.