A patient with a history of PUD and a positive H. pylori test is prescribed a combination of antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor. The patient asks why so many medications are needed. The nurse should explain:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - The medications work together to reduce acid and eliminate the infection. Rationale: 1. Antibiotics target and eliminate H. pylori infection, a leading cause of PUD. 2. Proton pump inhibitors reduce gastric acid production, aiding in ulcer healing. 3. Combining antibiotics and PPIs effectively treats both infection and acid production. 4. This comprehensive approach helps resolve the underlying causes of PUD efficiently. Incorrect Choices: A: Each medication targets a different cause of your ulcer. - Not accurate as antibiotics and PPIs target infection and acid production. C: One medication reduces acid, and the others help your stomach heal. - Oversimplifies the treatment process. D: The combination ensures that your symptoms will be controlled quickly. - Focuses on symptom management rather than addressing the root causes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bromocriptine. Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist used in Parkinson's disease treatment. Drug overdosage can lead to pronounced gastrointestinal side-effects due to its action on dopamine receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. Co-beneldopa (B) is a combination drug of levodopa and carbidopa, primarily affecting the central nervous system, not causing significant gastrointestinal issues. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral and anti-Parkinson agent with minimal gastrointestinal side effects. Selegeline (D) is a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor, typically causing side effects like insomnia and dizziness rather than pronounced gastrointestinal issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: A-large, B-amino acids, C-simple sugars. Rationale: 1. Organic compounds like proteins and starches are too large to diffuse into cells, which is why the word "large" fits in blank A. 2. Proteins are digested into amino acids, so "amino acids" is the appropriate choice for blank B. 3. Starches are digested into simple sugars, making "simple sugars" the correct word for blank C. Summary: - Option A is incorrect because proteins are digested into amino acids, not simple sugars. - Option B is incorrect because it does not account for the specific digestion products of proteins and starches. - Option D is incorrect because starches are digested into simple sugars, not amino acids.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Digestion begins in the mouth with mechanical and chemical breakdown of food by chewing and saliva. 2. Chewing helps break down food into smaller pieces, increasing surface area for enzymes to act upon. 3. Saliva contains enzymes that start breaking down starches into sugars. 4. Chewing mixes food with saliva, aiding in the initial digestion process. 5. The statement that "digestive juices can react more easily with the food when chewed" is incorrect. Digestive juices act after food passes through the mouth and into the stomach and intestines, not in the mouth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. The liver does not manufacture insulin; this function is carried out by the pancreas. 2. Storing food is a function of the liver (choice A). 3. Producing digestive juices is a function of the liver (choice C). 4. The liver has the ability to regenerate and heal itself when damaged (choice D). Summary: Choice B is incorrect because the liver does not manufacture insulin; the correct answer is B. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are all functions of the liver.