ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who will begin taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) asks the nurse why the combination drug is necessary. The nurse will explain that the combination is used to
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: TMP-SMX combination reduces resistance, enhancing effectiveness against bacteria.
Question 2 of 5
Which condition increases glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased renal blood flow raises GFR by enhancing glomerular capillary pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse cares for a client with diabetes mellitus who is prescribed metformin (Glucophage) and is scheduled for an intravenous urography. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin with dye risks lactic acidosis; stopping it is the priority.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse obtains the health history of a client with a suspected diagnosis of bladder cancer. Which question should the nurse ask when determining this client's risk factors?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Smoking greatly increases bladder cancer risk, making it the key question.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is taking the vital signs of a client after hemodialysis. Blood pressure is 110/58 mm Hg, pulse 66 beats/min, and temperature is 99.8°F (37.6°C). What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated temperature may reflect dialysate warming; monitoring is appropriate.