ATI LPN
NCLEX Cardiovascular Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who reports dizziness and who has absent P waves, wide QRS complexes, and a heart rate of 38 beats/min on an ECG is most likely in which rhythm?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A ventricular escape rhythm originates in the Purkinje fibers, has a rate of 15 to 40 beats/minute, and is characterized by a wide QRS complex. An important clue to identifying escape rhythms is the absence of normal P waves and PR intervals. The rhythm involved in third-degree heart block includes regularly occurring P waves. Junctional tachycardia has a heart rate between 70 to 140 beats/minute. P waves are preceding, following, or buried in the QRS complex. Sinus bradycardia has a normal pattern on the ECG, but with a rate of less than 60 beats/minute.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with hypertension who has just started taking atenolol (Tenormin) returns to the health clinic after 2 weeks for a follow-up visit. The blood pressure(BP) is unchanged from the previous visit. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Because nonadherence with antihypertensive therapy is common, the nurse's initial action should be to determine whether the patient is taking the atenolol as prescribed. The other actions also may be implemented, but these would be done after assessing patient adherence with the prescribed therapy.
Question 3 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications that should be implemented, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For the prevention of hypertension, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH) recommendations include increasing the intake of calcium-rich foods. Caffeine restriction and decreased protein intake are not included in the recommendations. Nuts are high in beneficial nutrients and 4 to 5 servings weekly are recommended in the DASH diet.
Question 4 of 5
The staff educator is teaching ED nurses about hypertensive crisis. The nurse educator should explain that hypertensive urgency differs from hypertensive emergency in what way?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertensive emergencies are acute, life-threatening BP elevations that require prompt treatment in an intensive care setting because of the serious target organ damage that may occur. Blood pressures are extremely elevated in both urgency and emergencies, but there is no evidence of target organ damage in hypertensive urgency. Extremely close hemodynamic monitoring of the patient's BP is required in both situations. The medications of choice in hypertensive emergencies are those with an immediate effect, such as IV vasodilators. Oral doses of fast-acting agents, such as beta-adrenergic blocking agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or alpha-agonists, are recommended for the treatment of hypertensive urgencies.
Question 5 of 5
A patient comes to the walk-in clinic complaining of frequent headaches. While assessing the patient's vital signs, the nurse notes the BP is 161/101 mm Hg. According to JNC 7, how would this patient's BP be defined if a similar reading were obtained at a subsequent office visit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: JNC 7 defines stage 2 hypertension as a reading 160/100 mm Hg.