ATI LPN
Renal System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who has increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels is scheduled for a renal arteriogram. Which bowel preparation order would the nurse question for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: High-phosphate enemas, such as Fleet enemas, should be avoided in patients with elevated BUN and creatinine because phosphate cannot be excreted by patients with renal failure. The other medications for bowel evacuation are more appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse contributes to the plan of care for an older patient. The nurse recognizes which of the following occur with aging to plan care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aging reduces nephrons (D) and detrusor tone (C), but C affects urination frequency directly. Bladder size decreases (not A), and GFR drops (not B), making C a critical change for care planning.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes it is time to administer prescribed gentamicin(Garamycin) for a patient with acute kidney injury and suspected streptococcal pneumonia. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The medication should be held until the physician can be consulted about the medication order as this is a nephrotoxic agent.
Question 4 of 5
A patient admitted to the medical unit with impaired renal function is complaining of severe, stabbing pain in the flank and lower abdomen... The nurse recognizes that the stone is most likely in what anatomic location?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe, stabbing flank pain (C) indicates a ureteral stone, often dull but sharp with a full bladder. Bladder (B), urethra (D), and meatus (A) stones cause different pain, making C the likely site.
Question 5 of 5
What nursing action should the nurse perform when caring for a patient undergoing diagnostic testing of the renal-urologic system?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Assessing understanding (D) ensures the patient grasps results, a nursing role. Withholding meds (A) or fluids (B) isn't standard, and diagnosis (C) is the physician's job, making D the action.