A patient was fitted with an arm cast after fracturing her humerus. Twelve hours after the application of the cast, the patient tells the nurse that her arm hurts. Analgesics do not relieve the pain. What would be the most appropriate nursing action?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acute compartment syndrome involves a sudden and severe decrease in blood flow to the tissues distal to an area of injury that results in ischemic necrosis if prompt, decisive intervention does not occur. Removing or bivalving the cast is necessary to relieve pressure. Ordering different analgesics does not address the underlying problem. Encouraging the patient to move the fingers or perform range-of-motion exercises will not treat or prevent compartment syndrome. Petaling the edges of a cast with tape prevents abrasions and skin breakdown, not compartment syndrome.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Severe burns often lead to body image disorder due to scarring and disfigurement, requiring long-term psychological support.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Reconstructive surgery is most commonly needed to repair defects from cancer resection, unlike cosmetic procedures like face lifts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hair protects against UV and debris, aids in sensory detection via nerve endings, and helps regulate temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Direct sunlight can damage the delicate new tissue of a skin graft, delaying healing and increasing scarring risk.