ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions and Answers on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient undergoes a nephrectomy after having massive trauma to the kidney. Which assessment finding obtained postoperatively is most important to communicate to the surgeon?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low urine output (20 mL/hr, C) post-nephrectomy suggests renal perfusion issues (e.g., bleeding), critical to report. BP (A) needs monitoring, pain (B) is manageable, and crackles (D) are less urgent, making C the priority.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a male patient who has functional incontinence. What actions should the nurse take to help prevent incontinence?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Functional incontinence from physical barriers improves with urinal access (D). Cranberry juice (A) prevents UTIs, not incontinence, longer intervals (B) suit urge incontinence, and Kegels (C) help stress incontinence, making D the best action.
Question 3 of 5
A patient hospitalized for orthopedic surgery had a urinary catheter inserted. The patient later develops a urinary tract infection and asks the nurse what caused it. What is the appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urinary tract infections are almost always caused by an ascending infection starting at the external urinary meatus.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse knows that specific areas in the ureters have a propensity for obstruction. Prompt management of renal calculi is most important when the stone is located where?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ureteropelvic junction (A) is critical for prompt stone management due to its proximity to the kidney, risking dysfunction. The sacroiliac (B) and ureterovesical (C) junctions are also narrowed but less urgent, and the urethra (D) isn't a ureteral site, making A the priority.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is going to have an open renal biopsy. What would be an important nursing action in preparing this patient for the procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NPO status (D) is critical pre-open biopsy, like any abdominal surgery, to reduce aspiration risk. Family discussion (A), antiseptic wash (B), and antivirals (C) aren't standard prep, making D the key action.