ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions on Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient takes a drug overdose and becomes comatose. His blood pCOâ‚‚ was 40 mmHg ten minutes ago, but you discover it is now 80 mmHg. Which one of the following statements about this patient is correct.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rising pCOâ‚‚ (80 mmHg) from hypoventilation lowers blood pH (acidosis) rapidly. CSF pH falls faster as COâ‚‚ diffuses quickly across the blood-brain barrier, outpacing blood buffering (e.g., HCO₃â»). Blood pH lags due to systemic buffers, making B correct.
Question 2 of 5
What would happen to the GFR if the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the fluid in the capsular space increased?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased capsular hydrostatic pressure (B) opposes glomerular filtration pressure, reducing GFR. Increase (A) contradicts this resistance, and no change (C) ignores the balance, making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a unit of the nephron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The medullary papilla (D) is a renal pyramid
Question 4 of 5
Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient who has had a ureterolithotomy and has a left ureteral catheter and a urethral catheter in place?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sudden drop in ureteral catheter output (D) may signal obstruction, requiring immediate provider notification to prevent renal damage. Home care (A) isn't typical (ureteral catheters are temporary), tension (B) risks displacement, and clamping (C) increases pressure, making D critical.
Question 5 of 5
A hospitalized patient who has possible renal insufficiency after coronary artery bypass surgery will have a creatinine clearance test. Which item will the nurse need to obtain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because creatinine clearance testing involves a 24-hour urine specimen, the nurse should obtain a large container for the urine collection. Catheterization, cleaning of the perineum with antiseptic towelettes, and a sterile specimen cup are not needed for this test.