ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient's renal calculus is analyzed as being very high in uric acid. To prevent recurrence of stones, the nurse teaches the patient to avoid eating
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Uric acid stones form from high purine intake, found in organ meats and sardines (C), so avoiding these prevents recurrence. Dairy (A) affects calcium stones, legumes (B) are less relevant, and spinach (D) relates to oxalate stones, making C specific.
Question 2 of 5
When caring for a patient after cystoscopy, what should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pink-tinged urine and urinary frequency are expected after cystoscopy. Burning on urination is common, but pain that requires opioids for relief is not expected. A good fluid intake is encouraged after this procedure. Bed rest is not required after cystoscopy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is collecting data for a patient with kidney disease. Which adventitious lung sound is the nurse most likely to note from fluid overload?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crackles (B) indicate fluid overload in the lungs, common in kidney disease, heard as popping on inspiration. Wheezes (A) suggest airway narrowing, stridor (C) upper obstruction, and pleural rub (D) inflammation, making B the likely finding.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following hormones affects kidney function?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADH (C), aldosterone (E), ANH (F), and parathyroid (D) affect kidneys, but C (water reabsorption) is a primary example. Estrogen (A) and TSH (B) have minimal direct impact, making C a key hormone.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is unstable and has acute kidney injury. What therapy would the nurse expect to be ordered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CRRT has few cardiovascular effects and can be used on the unstable patient.