A patient requires assistance with eating. What principle should the nurse follow when feeding the patient?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Maintaining a calm and unhurried pace when feeding a patient ensures safety, dignity, and comfort, allowing them to chew and swallow properly without risk of choking or aspiration. Rushing increases stress and danger, especially for those with swallowing difficulties. A large spoon might overwhelm the patient, leading to spills or aspiration, so appropriate utensil size matters. Letting the patient choose the meal entirely is impractical in a hospital setting with dietary restrictions, though offering preferences within limits is ideal. A relaxed approach fosters trust, respects the patient's pace, and aligns with nursing's holistic care principles, preventing complications while preserving the patient's autonomy as much as possible.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Facing the patient directly while speaking allows a hearing-impaired patient to lip-read and catch visual cues, enhancing understanding without relying solely on volume. Speaking loudly and clearly helps but misses those who depend on visuals facing them is more inclusive. Rapid speech blurs words, reducing comprehension, and wastes time if repeated. Avoiding eye contact disconnects emotionally and obscures lip movements, hindering communication. Nurses use this face-to-face method to bridge the impairment gap, ensuring clarity, respect, and effective care delivery tailored to the patient's needs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Using pressure-reducing devices and repositioning promotes skin integrity in bedridden patients by alleviating pressure on vulnerable areas, enhancing circulation, and preventing ulcers. Vigorous massage over bony prominences risks tissue damage, not protection. Prolonged same-positioning causes pressure sores exactly what's to be avoided. Heat packs directly applied can burn or dry skin, worsening integrity. Nurses combine mattresses or cushions with regular turns (e.g., every 2 hours) to distribute weight, a proven strategy for maintaining healthy skin in immobile patients.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A warm, moist compress promotes wound healing by increasing blood flow, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the site, and keeping it moist to aid tissue repair and reduce scabbing. Encouraging infection is the opposite moisture must be clean to avoid this. Preventing blood flow contradicts warmth's vasodilating effect. Constricting vessels is cold's role, not warm's. Nurses apply this to enhance circulation and comfort, often for chronic or slow-healing wounds, supporting the body's natural recovery process with controlled application.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Explaining meal choices and allowing the patient to decide respects autonomy, boosts morale, and ensures dietary needs align with preferences, enhancing satisfaction. Skipping hygiene risks infection hand washing is non-negotiable. Choosing without input dismisses patient voice, reducing dignity. Serving all at once overwhelms and ignores timing needs. Nurses present options within medical limits, fostering control and comfort, a small but impactful step in holistic care before feeding assistance.