ATI LPN
Questions for Cardiovascular Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient presents to the hospital with head trauma. He has an elevated sodium level and a large volume of dilute urine. He is found to have diabetes insipidus. Which is most true:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Head trauma can cause central diabetes insipidus (DI) by damaging the pituitary or hypothalamus, leading to reduced ADH and resulting in dilute urine and hypernatremia. This can be partial or complete, making A correct. DDAVP is effective only in central DI, not nephrogenic, and fluid restriction is inappropriate here.
Question 2 of 5
A 30 yo woman fell asleep with her legs crossed during a graduate lecture. When she awoke, she noted that the right foot was tingling and noted the foot was 'slapping' on the ground. These most likely represent which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Peroneal nerve compression from prolonged leg crossing causes foot drop and tingling, resolving with time.
Question 3 of 5
54 year-old man with rectal carcinoma is receiving 5-FU by continuous infusion along with preoperative radiation. He presents with painfully swollen hands and feet, and blistering is noted. The most appropriate treatment for this patient is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This describes hand-foot syndrome, a common 5-FU side effect. Holding treatment and supportive care (e.g., moisturizers, pain relief) allow recovery without permanently stopping therapy, which may still benefit the patient.
Question 4 of 5
When is treatment for HIV contraindicated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Treatment is contraindicated in patients who are unwilling or non-compliant as adherence is crucial for efficacy and resistance prevention.
Question 5 of 5
Weakness for 2-3 months. Labs: Na 135, Cl 105, K 3.0, HCO3 18, CRE 1.8, BUN 22, glucose 110, PO4 1.2, PCO2 30, pH 7.31, hematocrit 25%; urinalysis shows +1 protein, 2+ glucose, normal sediment, UPC 4.2 and UAC .25, UNa 30, UK 20, UCl 80. Which ONE of the following is a CHARACTERISTIC of the renal abnormality present in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of significant proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia suggests nephrotic syndrome. Immunoelectrophoresis showing monoclonal proteins indicates multiple myeloma, often associated with renal complications.