ATI LPN
Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is scheduled for a CT scan of the abdomen with contrast. The patient has a baseline creatinine level of 2.3 mg/dL. In preparing this patient for the procedure, the nurse anticipates what orders?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiocontrast-induced nephropathy is a major cause of hospital-acquired acute kidney injury. Baseline levels of creatinine greater than 2 mg/dL identify the patient as being high risk. Preprocedure hydration and prescription of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) the day prior to the test is effective in prevention. The nurse would not monitor the patients electrolytes every hour preprocedure. Nothing in the scenario indicates the need for hemodialysis. A creatinine clearance is not necessary prior to a CT scan with contrast.
Question 2 of 5
Match the description 'Passively permeable to water' to the structure: A) proximal convoluted tubule, B) descending limb of the nephron loop, C) collecting duct, D) ascending limb of the nephron loop.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The descending limb (B) is passively permeable to water, allowing concentration via medullary osmosis. The proximal tubule (A) uses active sodium transport, collecting duct (C) requires ADH, and ascending limb (D) is impermeable, making B correct.
Question 3 of 5
The apical membrane of the proximal convoluted tubule cells is impermeable to bicarbonate ions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The PCT apical membrane reabsorbs bicarbonate via Na+/H+ exchange and carbonic anhydrase, making it permeable (B), not impermeable (A). False reflects this active process, making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following would NOT be secreted from the ISF into the filtrate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amino acids (B) are reabsorbed in the PCT, not secreted, to conserve nutrients. Organic acids (A), bases (C), and creatinine (D) are secreted to eliminate waste, making B the exception.
Question 5 of 5
After delegating to an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) the task of completing a bladder scan examination for a client, the nurse evaluates the UAP's performance. Which action by the UAP indicates the nurse must provide additional instructions when delegating this task?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Incorrect icon selection affects accuracy, requiring further instruction for proper use.