ATI LPN
Questions on the Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is brought to the renal unit from the PACU status post resection of a renal tumor. Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse prioritize in the care of this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient requires frequent analgesia during the postoperative period and assistance with turning, coughing, use of incentive spirometry, and deep breathing to prevent atelectasis and other pulmonary complications. Increasing oral intake and mobility are not priority nursing actions in the immediate postoperative care of this patient. Dialysis is not necessary following kidney surgery.
Question 2 of 5
What type of epithelium forms the lining of the urinary bladder? A) stratified squamous, B) transitional, C) simple ciliated columnar, D) simple cuboidal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium (B), allowing stretch during filling. Stratified squamous (A) is in skin, ciliated columnar (C) in airways, and cuboidal (D) in tubules, making B the correct lining.
Question 3 of 5
While the kidneys process about 180 L of blood-derived fluids per day, the amount that actually leaves the body is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kidneys filter 180 L/day, but ~99% is reabsorbed, leaving ~1-2 L (1%, 1.8 L) (D) as urine. 90 L (A), 180 L (B), and 18 L (C) overestimate output, making D the accurate amount.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse contacts the health care provider after reviewing a client's laboratory results and noting a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of $35 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$ and a creatinine of $1.0 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$. For which action should the nurse recommend a prescription?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated BUN with normal creatinine suggests dehydration, indicating a need for IV fluids.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse cares for a postmenopausal client who has had two episodes of bacterial urethritis in the last 6 months. The client asks, 'I never have urinary tract infections. Why is this happening now?' How should the nurse respond?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low estrogen increases infection susceptibility in postmenopausal women due to tissue changes.