ATI LPN
NCLEX Questions and Answers on Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is being treated for AKI and the patient daily weights have been ordered. The nurse notes a weight gain of 3 pounds over the past 48 hours. What nursing diagnosis is suggested by this assessment finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If the patient with AKI gains or does not lose weight, fluid retention should be suspected. Short-term weight gain is not associated with excessive caloric intake or a sedentary lifestyle. Failure to thrive is not associated with weight gain.
Question 2 of 5
The urinary bladder:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The bladder lies posterior to the pubic symphysis (D), a key anatomical position. It has smooth muscle (detrusor), not skeletal (A), connects to the urethra, not ureter (B), and is innervated by pelvic nerves, not cranial XI (C), making D the correct feature.
Question 3 of 5
Glucose is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucose is filtered at the glomerulus and fully reabsorbed in the PCT (B), not secreted, under normal conditions. Secretion (A, C) or no reabsorption (D) occurs only in pathology (e.g., diabetes), making B correct.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a unit of the nephron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The medullary papilla (D) is a renal pyramid
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses a client recovering from a cystoscopy. Which assessment findings should alert the nurse to urgently contact the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased output and blood clots suggest complications needing urgent provider attention.