A patient is about to undergo bone marrow aspiration and biopsy and expresses fear and anxiety about the procedure. Which of the following is the most effective nursing response?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because staying with the patient and focusing on slow deep breathing for relaxation is the most effective response to address the patient's fear and anxiety before the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy. Deep breathing techniques can help the patient calm down, reduce anxiety, and promote relaxation, making the procedure more manageable. This response also shows empathy and support, which can enhance the patient's emotional well-being. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Warning the patient to stay very still may increase her anxiety and fear, leading to more discomfort during the procedure. B: While having family present can provide support, it may not directly address the patient's fear and anxiety or help her relax. D: Delaying the procedure may prolong the patient's distress and uncertainty, whereas addressing the fear and anxiety promptly is crucial for the patient's well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the number of red blood cells varies with gender, age, and general health. This response is accurate as it acknowledges the variability in red blood cell counts among individuals. Choice A is incorrect as it provides a definitive answer without considering the factors influencing red blood cell count. Choice C is incorrect because it gives a blanket statement that all people have the same number of red blood cells, which is not true. Choice D is incorrect as it incorrectly links anemia directly to the number of red blood cells without considering the broader context of red blood cell variability.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: No neurological symptoms in folic acid. Vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiencies both can lead to megaloblastic anemia and similar hematological symptoms. However, vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause neurological symptoms due to its role in nerve function, which folic acid deficiency does not. Glossitis (choice A) can be a symptom of both deficiencies. Muscle wasting (choice C) is not a common symptom of either deficiency. Dizziness (choice D) is a nonspecific symptom and can occur with various vitamin deficiencies, not specific to vitamin B12 or folic acid.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Angular stomatitis/cheilosis is not a symptom specific to vitamin B12 deficiency. This condition is more commonly associated with deficiencies in iron, riboflavin, and niacin. Vitamin B12 deficiency typically presents with symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and neurological issues. Therefore, options A and C are incorrect as angular stomatitis/cheilosis is not sometimes or always a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency. Option D is also incorrect as this condition can occur in individuals of all ages, not just children.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 1,4. Sildenafil inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5, leading to increased cAMP levels. Dipyridamole also inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP. Ticlopidine and clopidogrel do not affect cAMP levels. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they include drugs that do not inhibit phosphodiesterase to increase cAMP.