A patient homozygous for sickle cell anemia would inherit which genetic pattern?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: SS. In sickle cell anemia, the genetic pattern is homozygous for the sickle cell gene (HbS), resulting in the genotype SS. This means both copies of the hemoglobin gene are mutated, leading to the production of abnormal hemoglobin. Choice A (AS) indicates a carrier of the sickle cell trait with one normal and one mutated gene. Choice B (AA) represents a normal individual with two normal hemoglobin genes. Choice D (AF) is an incorrect combination as there is no such genetic pattern associated with sickle cell anemia.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: T lymphocyte. T lymphocytes require IL-2 and IL-4 for conversion to mature circulating cells. IL-2 is crucial for T cell proliferation and differentiation, while IL-4 is essential for promoting T cell growth and differentiation into effector cells. Neutrophils (A) mature in the bone marrow, Eosinophils (B) primarily develop in response to IL-5, and B lymphocytes (C) mature in the bone marrow and require IL-7 for development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Quinine and clindamycin. Quinine is recommended for treating malaria in pregnant women due to its safety profile during pregnancy. Clindamycin is often used in combination with quinine to enhance efficacy and reduce the risk of parasite resistance. - A (Atovaquone and proguanil) is contraindicated in pregnancy due to limited safety data. - B (Quinine and doxycycline) is not recommended in pregnant women as doxycycline can cause adverse effects on fetal development. - D (Mefloquine) is generally not recommended in pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aplastic anemia. In a 50-year-old with infections, petechiae, and a dry marrow tap, the presentation is indicative of bone marrow failure, characteristic of aplastic anemia. This condition results in pancytopenia, leading to infections, bleeding (petechiae), and a dry tap on bone marrow aspiration. Iron deficiency anemia (A) typically presents with microcytic hypochromic red blood cells, megaloblastic anemia (B) with macrocytic red blood cells, and hemolytic anemia (C) with evidence of red blood cell destruction.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Neutrophils, bands, metamyelocytes, myelocytes increased indicates a myeloproliferative disorder. Step 2: Basophils, eosinophils increased suggest a myeloid origin. Step 3: Platelets increased is common in chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) due to myeloid proliferation. Summary: A is incorrect as it is associated with abnormal lymphoid cells. B is incorrect as it is a lymphoid disorder. D is incorrect as it is a lymphoid leukemia.