ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has recently been diagnosed with psoriasis, and a nurse is educating them about the disorder. What is an example of a statement by the mother that shows the nurse that she understood the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because psoriasis is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of keratinocytes, leading to the formation of plaques on the skin. This statement shows an understanding of the primary pathophysiology of psoriasis. Choice A is incorrect as psoriasis involves abnormal keratinocyte growth, not collagen. Choice C is incorrect because psoriasis is not directly related to joint inflammation. Choice D is also incorrect as psoriasis is not primarily caused by contact with allergens.
Question 2 of 5
The 'butterfly' rash often seen in some people with systemic lupus erythematosus is found on:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The face. The butterfly rash in systemic lupus erythematosus is a distinctive reddish rash that spreads across the cheeks and bridge of the nose, resembling the shape of a butterfly. This rash is a hallmark symptom of lupus and typically appears during periods of disease activity. The rash is not typically found on the back, legs, or neck. Therefore, the correct location for the butterfly rash in systemic lupus erythematosus is on the face.
Question 3 of 5
A 4-year-old preschooler with a low platelet count received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). What part of routine health maintenance would the nurse explain to the parents should be delayed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The administration of live-virus vaccines should be delayed. IVIG can interfere with the efficacy of live-virus vaccines by neutralizing the live viruses in the vaccine. The preschooler's immune system may not be able to mount a proper response to the vaccine due to the IVIG. Live-virus vaccines should be postponed for at least 3 months after receiving IVIG to ensure the child's immune system can respond effectively. Incorrect choices: B: Yearly routine dental examination - This is not affected by IVIG treatment and should not be delayed. C: Assessing the child's blood pressure - This is an important aspect of routine health maintenance and should not be delayed. D: Checking the child's visual acuity - This is also an important part of routine health maintenance and should not be delayed.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child who is in sickle cell anemic crisis and has severe pain. The most effective nursing intervention for this child should be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administering pain medication. In a sickle cell anemic crisis, pain management is a priority to alleviate the severe pain the child is experiencing. Administering pain medication promptly helps to provide relief and improve the child's comfort and well-being. Comfort measures like back rubs (Choice A) and diversional activities (Choice B) may help to some extent but are not as effective in managing the acute pain crisis. Preparing the child for painful procedures (Choice D) is not appropriate at this time as the immediate focus should be on addressing the existing pain.
Question 5 of 5
A child recently diagnosed with aplastic anemia is being prepared for discharge. When planning support for the family, which service should the nurse plan to include in the discharge plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Referrals to support groups and social services. This is important for a child with aplastic anemia as it provides emotional support and resources for the family to cope with the diagnosis. Support groups offer a sense of community and understanding, while social services can help with practical needs. Short-term support (B) may not be sufficient for ongoing needs. Genetic counseling (C) is not typically necessary for aplastic anemia, which is not typically genetic. Nutrition counseling (D) may be important but is not the priority for discharge planning in this case.