ATI LPN
Multiple Choice Questions Renal System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has presented with signs and symptoms that are characteristic of acute kidney injury, but preliminary assessment reveals no obvious risk factors for this health problem. The nurse should recognize the need to interview the patient about what topic?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidneys are susceptible to the adverse effects of medications because they are repeatedly exposed to substances in the blood. Nephrotoxic medications are a more likely cause of AKI than diet, allergies, or stress.
Question 2 of 5
The appearance of glucose in the urine:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucose appears in urine (glycosuria) when its plasma level exceeds the renal threshold (~180 mg/dL), saturating PCT carriers (D). It's not normal (A), unrelated to angiotensin II (B), and hypoglycemia (C) reduces glucose, making D the cause.
Question 3 of 5
Podocytes make up the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Podocytes form the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule (D), surrounding glomerular capillaries to filter plasma. Nephron (A) is broader, glomerulus (B) is capillaries, and renal capsule (C) is outer, making D precise.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is incorrect concerning ADH?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ADH increases collecting duct water permeability (C is incorrect), concentrating urine, not decreases it. Osmolarity (A), alcohol (B), and pituitary storage (D) are true, making C the error.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse assesses clients on the medical-surgical unit. Which clients are at risk for kidney problems? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Creatine, metformin, and NSAIDs increase kidney dysfunction risk due to their effects.