ATI LPN
Questions on the Urinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has experienced excessive losses of bicarbonate and has subsequently developed an acid-base imbalance. How will this lost bicarbonate be replaced?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Renal tubular cells generate and reabsorb new bicarbonate (D) to replace losses, correcting acidosis. Acid excretion (A) compensates but doesn't replace, and adrenals (B) or lungs (C) don't synthesize it, making D the mechanism.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is working on the renal transplant unit. To reduce the risk of infection in a patient with a transplanted kidney, it is imperative for the nurse to do what?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse ensures that the patient is protected from exposure to infection by hospital staff, visitors, and other patients with active infections. Careful handwashing is imperative; face masks may be worn by hospital staff and visitors to reduce the risk for transmitting infectious agents while the patient is receiving high doses of immunosuppressants. Visitors may be limited, but are not normally barred outright. Ensuring kidney function is vital, but does not prevent infection.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is brought to the renal unit from the PACU status post resection of a renal tumor. Which of the following nursing actions should the nurse prioritize in the care of this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient requires frequent analgesia during the postoperative period and assistance with turning, coughing, use of incentive spirometry, and deep breathing to prevent atelectasis and other pulmonary complications. Increasing oral intake and mobility are not priority nursing actions in the immediate postoperative care of this patient. Dialysis is not necessary following kidney surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with suspected bladder cancer reports symptoms. What is the most common symptom?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hematuria is the hallmark symptom of bladder cancer.
Question 5 of 5
What type of epithelium forms the lining of the urinary bladder? A) stratified squamous, B) transitional, C) simple ciliated columnar, D) simple cuboidal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The urinary bladder is lined with transitional epithelium (B), allowing stretch during filling. Stratified squamous (A) is in skin, ciliated columnar (C) in airways, and cuboidal (D) in tubules, making B the correct lining.