ATI LPN
Questions for the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient came to the clinic with asthmatic attack, his body did not respond to the drugs and it is found that he had hypoxemia. What do we call this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 2 of 5
The lungs are attached to the walls of the thorax by means of the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parietal pleural membrane (B) attaches lungs to the thorax . This serous layer lines the chest wall, adhering via negative pressure (-5 mmHg) to the visceral pleura (C), encasing lungs. The pericardium (A) surrounds the heart, not lungs. Mesentery (D) supports abdominal organs. B's pleural linkage unlike A's cardiac or D's digestive role maintains lung position during breathing's 500 mL tidal shifts, per physiology (Page 1).
Question 3 of 5
Regarding pulmonary vascular resistance, which one of the following is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) dips at low lung volumes (B) near FRC (~2.5 L), where capillaries stretch optimally . At high volumes (A), extra-alveolar vessels compress, raising PVR; at very low volumes, collapse hikes it too FRC's the sweet spot (~0.1 mmHg/L/min). Increased PVR (C) strains the right heart (e.g., fibrosis, Q10), but it's true, not the query's focus. PVR isn't routine in spirometry (D, false). B's low-volume minimum reflects physiology's balance unlike A's high-volume rise or D's testing mismatch per vascular dynamics.
Question 4 of 5
A 12 years-old boy has a severe asthmatic attack with wheezing. His arterial pO2 is 60 mmHg and pCO2 is 30 mmHg. His:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In asthma, hypoxemia (PaO2 60 mmHg) drives hyperventilation, lowering PCO2 to 30 mmHg (D) . Normal PCO2 is 35-45 mmHg; here, it's below due to increased respiratory rate (RR > 15/min). FEV1/FVC decreases (A, false) in obstruction (< 70%, Q46). V/Q drops (B, false) in affected areas ventilation falls more than perfusion. PCO2 isn't high (C, false) gas exchange favors CO2 loss. D's hypocapnia unlike A's spirometry error reflects chemoreceptor response to low O2, boosting Va (e.g., 5-7 L/min), per asthma physiology.
Question 5 of 5
Vital capacity is defined as?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vital capacity (VC) is IRV + Vt + ERV (~4.8 L). All volumes (A) include RV, making TLC (~6 L). Vt + RV (B) is ~1.7 L, not VC. IRV + ERV (C) omits Vt (~3.8 L). D's sum IRV (~3 L), Vt (~0.5 L), ERV (~1.3 L) is max exhale, measurable by spirometry, unlike A's total or B's partial, per lung volume definitions (Q14).