ATI LPN
Perioperative Care Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nursing is planning the care of a patient with emphysema who will soon be discharged. What teaching should the nurse prioritize in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: For an emphysema patient nearing discharge, setting realistic short-term and long-range goals is the priority teaching, fostering adaptation to this incurable, progressive disease. Goals like pacing activities to manage dyspnea or mastering pursed-lip breathing align with emphysema's chronic hyperinflation and airflow limitation, enhancing quality of life despite irreversible alveolar damage. Prophylactic antibiotics aren't standard; they treat infections, not preventing emphysema progression. Adherence to treatment (e.g., bronchodilators) manages symptoms but doesn't cure emphasizing cure misleads the patient. Avoiding crowded places reduces infection risk but isn't universally required unless immunocompromised. The nurse's focus on goal-setting specific, achievable targets builds self-efficacy, preparing the patient for home management and realistic expectations, per COPD care standards.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in preadmission testing. The patient has been assigned a physical status classification by the American Society of Anesthesiologists of P3. Which of the following assessments would support this classification?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A P3 classification indicates severe systemic disease per the American Society of Anesthesiologists, supported by a history of hypertension, significant obesity (80 pounds overweight), and asthma. These conditions impair multiple systems cardiovascular strain from hypertension, respiratory compromise from asthma, and obesity-related surgical risks fitting P3's criteria of severe but not immediately life-threatening disease. Denial of major illnesses or a normal, healthy status aligns with P1, a healthy patient. Mild systemic disease, like controlled hypertension alone, fits P2. A myocardial infarction limiting activity, a constant threat to life, denotes P4. The nurse's assessment confirms P3 by identifying these chronic, severe conditions, ensuring anesthesia and surgical plans account for heightened risks like respiratory distress or poor wound healing.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse and the nursing assistant are assisting a postoperative patient to turn in the bed. To assist in minimizing discomfort, which instruction should the nurse provide to the patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Instructing the patient to place a hand over the incision splints it during turning, reducing discomfort by supporting the surgical site against muscle pull or suture strain. This self-directed support minimizes pain and risk of dehiscence, common with movement post-surgery. Closing eyes or holding breath offers no mechanical relief, focusing on distraction or tension, not support. Holding the nurse's shoulders shifts effort away from incision protection. The nurse's guidance ensures the patient actively mitigates discomfort, enhancing safety and comfort during repositioning, a key postoperative mobility intervention.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the preoperative holding area of an ambulatory surgery center. Which nursing action would be most appropriate for this area?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Applying a warm blanket in the preoperative holding area counters the cool environment kept so to limit microbial growth preventing hypothermia and easing patient comfort before surgery. Vital signs aren't routinely monitored every 15 minutes unless indicated (e.g., med administration); this area focuses on readiness verification. Ambulatory patients rarely arrive with urinary drainage bags or dressings those are postoperative. The nurse's action enhances emotional and physical preparation, aligning with holding area priorities to stabilize patients for the operating suite.
Question 5 of 5
An example of non-secondary agent of socialization is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Agents of socialization are divided into primary and secondary categories based on their sequence and depth of influence. Primary agents, like the family, are the earliest and most foundational, instilling basic values and behaviors in an individual from infancy. Secondary agents, such as schools, religious institutions, and peer groups, exert influence later, typically after the family has established a social base. The question seeks a non-secondary agent, implying a primary one. 'The family,' is correct because it is the primary agent, shaping individuals before they engage with external systems, as supported by George Herbert Mead's theory of the self, which highlights the family's role in early identity formation. 'The school,' is a secondary agent, educating children after initial home socialization. 'The religious institutions,' and 'Peer group,' are also secondary, impacting individuals through structured settings or social interactions later in development. The family's unique position as the first and most intimate agent distinguishes it, making B the accurate choice over the secondary options.