ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse working in labor and delivery is caring for a client with suspected disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Which pregnancy complication does the nurse anticipate when reviewing the client’s chart?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Placental abruption. In DIC, excessive clotting can lead to the formation of small clots in the placenta, increasing the risk of placental abruption. This complication can cause severe bleeding, endangering both the mother and the baby. Gestational diabetes (choice A) is not directly related to DIC. Polyhydramnios (choice B) is excessive amniotic fluid and is not typically associated with DIC. Placenta previa (choice D) is when the placenta covers the cervix, which is not directly linked to DIC.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess as the MOST common presenting manifestation of Wilms’ Tumor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Abdominal mass. In Wilms' Tumor, the most common presenting manifestation is an abdominal mass due to the tumor in the kidney. This mass is usually painless and firm. Hematuria (A) is less common in Wilms' Tumor and may not be present initially. Pain on voiding (B) is not a typical symptom of Wilms' Tumor. Nausea and vomiting (C) are also less common presenting symptoms compared to the characteristic abdominal mass. Therefore, the nurse would expect to assess an abdominal mass as the most common presenting manifestation of Wilms' Tumor.
Question 3 of 5
The administration of prednisone to children with nephrotic syndrome creates the problem of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased risk of infection. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that suppresses the immune system, leading to an increased susceptibility to infections in children with nephrotic syndrome. This is because prednisone inhibits the body's ability to fight off pathogens, making children more prone to developing infections. A: Intolerance of foods is not a common problem associated with prednisone administration in children with nephrotic syndrome. C: Decreased serum sodium is not a direct effect of prednisone administration in this context. D: Weight loss is not typically a problem with prednisone use; in fact, weight gain is more common due to fluid retention and increased appetite.
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent with a history of surgical repair for undescended testes (cryptorchidism) comes to the clinic for a sports physical. Anticipatory guidance for the parents and adolescent would focus on which of the following as most important?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, technique for monthly testicular self-examinations. This is important because individuals with a history of cryptorchidism are at higher risk for testicular cancer. Monthly self-examinations can help in early detection and improve outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because sterility is not the main concern in this scenario. Choice B is incorrect as future plans are not directly related to the health issue at hand. Choice D is incorrect as psychosocial support, while important, is not the most crucial aspect in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
A neonate is fed 20 mL of formula every three hours by orogastric lavage. At the beginning of this feeding, the nurse aspirates 15 mL of gastric residual. Which action by the nurse is the most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Withhold the feeding and notify the healthcare provider. The rationale for this is that aspirating 15 mL of gastric residual indicates delayed gastric emptying or potential risk of aspiration. Withholding the feeding and informing the healthcare provider allows for further assessment and potential interventions to prevent complications. Choice B is incorrect because replacing the residual and continuing with the full feeding may increase the risk of aspiration or other complications. Choice C is incorrect as giving only 5 mL of the feeding does not address the underlying issue of delayed gastric emptying. Choice D is incorrect as waiting three hours to check the residual without taking immediate action may lead to further complications if the issue persists.