ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development underpins pediatric assessments of children's growth, focusing on eight stages tied to age-specific conflicts like trust versus mistrust in infancy. In a pediatric practice, a nurse uses this to gauge if a child's social and emotional milestones align with norms, assessing interactions or independence. Erikson integrates social, biological, and environmental factors, offering a lifespan lens ideal for children. Jean Watson's caring theory emphasizes interpersonal healing, not development. Martha Rogers' model centers on energy fields and client-environment interplay, less stage-focused. Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs prioritizes physical and psychological needs hierarchically, not age-based progression. Erikson's framework provides nurses a structured, age-sensitive tool to evaluate and support psychosocial health, critical for tailoring care to young clients' evolving capabilities.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for several clients in a community health setting and wants to engage in secondary prevention activities with a client who does not exhibit symptoms of illness. Which activity meets this goal?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Secondary prevention detects disease early in asymptomatic clients, halting progression perfect for a community setting. Screening for hearing loss fits this, identifying issues like age-related decline before symptoms like isolation emerge, enabling timely aids or therapy. Teaching a low-fat diet is primary, preventing illness onset, not detecting it. Referring to smoking cessation is primary too, averting lung disease, not finding it. Planning care for COPD is tertiary, managing a known condition. Hearing screening aligns with nursing's goal to catch silent problems studies show early detection cuts disability making it ideal for a well client. This proactive step ensures health maintenance, leveraging community access to intervene before symptoms disrupt life, a key nursing strategy for population wellness.
Question 3 of 5
Click to Highlight below the 3 orders that nurse should perform right away Case Studies
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In an urgent case study scenario, the nurse must prioritize orders based on patient stability and immediate needs. Administering 0.9% sodium chloride 500 ml IV once (C) is a critical action to restore fluid volume or stabilize hemodynamics, often indicated in shock, dehydration, or pending diagnostic results. Inserting an indwelling urinary catheter (A) monitors output but isn't immediately life-saving unless bladder obstruction is suspected. A CT scan of the chest (B) diagnoses conditions like pulmonary embolism, but preparation delays execution compared to IV fluids. Laboratory tests (D) like blood cultures, CBC, and ABGs are essential for infection or respiratory assessment but take time to process, lacking the immediacy of fluid administration. The question seeks three priority actions, but the CSV requires one answer, so C is selected as the most actionable and impactful initial step. Rationale: IV saline addresses acute hypovolemia or hypotension swiftly, buying time for diagnostics and interventions, aligning with emergency nursing principles of stabilizing ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation) first.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is planning to suction a client through a tracheostomy tube. Which is the amount of time for application of suction during withdrawal of the catheter?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suctioning through a tracheostomy should last 10 seconds (A) during withdrawal to minimize hypoxia and trauma, per standard guidelines. Longer times 25 (B), 30 (C), or 35 (D) seconds increase risks of oxygen depletion and mucosal injury. A is correct. Rationale: Limiting suction to 10 seconds balances secretion removal with oxygenation preservation, a key safety measure in airway management, preventing complications like atelectasis or arrhythmias, as endorsed by AACN and ATS.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assisting in caring for a client with a tracheal tube attached to a ventilator when the high-pressure alarm sounds. The nurse checks the client and system for which most likely cause?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A high-pressure alarm indicates resistance in the ventilator circuit; accumulation of secretions (D) is the most likely cause, obstructing airflow. A cuff leak (A) or disconnection (C) triggers low-pressure alarms. A loose connection (B) is less common for high pressure. D is correct. Rationale: Secretions block the tube, increasing pressure needed to ventilate, a frequent issue in intubated patients, requiring suctioning, per ventilator troubleshooting protocols. This distinguishes it from leaks or disconnections, ensuring timely airway clearance.