A nurse reviews these laboratory values of a clien

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Question 1 of 5

A nurse reviews these laboratory values of a client who returned from kidney transplantation 12 hours ago: Sodium 136 mEq/L, Potassium 5 mEq/L, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 44 mg/dL, Serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dL. What initial intervention would the nurse anticipate?

A. Start hemodialysis immediately. B. Discuss the need for peritoneal dialysis. C. Increase the dose of immunosuppression. D. Return the client to surgery for exploration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevated BUN and creatinine suggest rejection; more immunosuppression may help.

Question 2 of 5

Albuminuria is characterized by:

A. Pus in the urine. B. Protein in the urine. C. Painful urination. D. Muscular lined tubes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Albuminuria means protein, specifically albumin, is present in the urine.

Question 3 of 5

How are cortical nephrons different from juxtamedullary nephrons?

A. cortical nephrons lie almost entirely outside the renal medulla. B. cortical nephrons have an associated vasa recta. C. cortical nephrons have a longer tubule. D. there are fewer cortical nephrons.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cortical nephrons stay in cortex, unlike juxtamedullary ones.

Question 4 of 5

Which of the following mechanisms operates in the nephron to maintain pH balance in the body?

A. Bicarbonate ions from the tubule cells are secreted into the filtrate, then H+ + HCO3- â†’ H2CO3 â†’ CO2 + H2O B. In tubule cells CO2 + H2O â†’ H2CO3 â†’ H+ + HCO3- then hydrogen ions are secreted into the filtrate C. In tubule cells CO2 + H2O â†’ H2CO3 â†’ H+ + HCO3- then hydrogen ions are transported into the peritubular capillaries D. In tubule cells CO2 + H2O â†’ H2CO3 â†’ H+ + HCO3- then bicarbonate ions are secreted into the filtrate

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrogen secretion and bicarbonate reabsorption regulate pH.

Question 5 of 5

Which type of anti-hypertensive drug aims to prevent vasoconstriction?

A. beta blockers B. diuretics C. ACE inhibitors D. calcium channel blockers

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Calcium channel blockers prevent muscle contraction, reducing vasoconstriction.

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A nurse reviews these laboratory values of a client who returned from kidney transplantation 12 hours ago: Sodium 136 mEq/L, Potassium 5 mEq/L, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 44 mg/dL, Serum creatinine 2.5 mg/dL. What initial intervention would the nurse anticipate?

Nurselytic

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