ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Experimental research, used here, tests cause-and-effect under controlled conditions, typically in labs. The nurse manipulates tap water with bleach (independent variable) to measure cancer incidence in rats (dependent variable), controlling factors like diet to isolate effects. Descriptive research observes phenomena like disease prevalence without manipulation. Correlational research examines variable relationships, like smoking and cancer rates, without causation. Quasi-experimental research tests cause-effect but lacks full control, often outside labs. Experimental design's rigor randomization, controls yields causal insights, like bleach's oncogenicity, advancing nursing's scientific base. This method's precision suits lab settings, offering clear, replicable evidence for health impacts, critical for informing practice or policy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for several clients who have chronic conditions and live in a rural area. Which client would benefit most from tertiary prevention strategies?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary prevention optimizes chronic illness outcomes, vital in rural areas with care gaps. The COPD client in pulmonary rehab benefits most rehab post-diagnosis boosts lung capacity and endurance via tailored exercises, cutting exacerbations, a nursing-led strategy. The hypertensive client needs primary or secondary focus med adherence or screening not tertiary yet. The diabetic's foot checks are tertiary but self-managed, less intensive. The arthritis client's exercise class is tertiary too, but rehab's structured, multi-faceted approach (breathing techniques, education) outshines general exercise for impact studies show it slashes hospital stays. Nursing's role here maximizes function despite isolation, ensuring this client thrives, aligning with tertiary care's depth for complex chronicity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse suctioning a client through an endotracheal tube monitors the client for complications associated with the procedure. Which of the following assessments indicates a complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An irregular heart rate (B) during suctioning signals a complication, possibly arrhythmia from hypoxia or vagal stimulation. Other options are normal or benign. Rationale: Suctioning can disrupt oxygenation, triggering cardiac instability, requiring immediate cessation and monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assisting a health care provider with the insertion of an endotracheal tube (ETT). The nurse should plan to ensure that which is done as a final measure to determine correct tube placement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest x-ray (D) is the final, definitive measure to confirm ETT placement. Hyperoxygenation (A) is preparatory. Breath sounds (C) are initial checks. Taping (B) follows confirmation. D is correct. Rationale: X-ray ensures the tube is above the carina, preventing misplacement, per intubation standards.
Question 5 of 5
Embryos that are produced by in vitro fertilization can be screened for genetic disease. Outline the process of in vitro fertilization, including one example of a situation when it is used.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IVF involves ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, sperm processing, fertilization, and embryo transfer. Need for genetic screening (C) is a situation, e.g., cystic fibrosis risk. Other options are valid but not the focus. C is correct. Rationale: IVF with preimplantation genetic diagnosis screens embryos for diseases, a key use, per reproductive medicine standards.