ATI LPN
Urinary and Renal System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is working with a patient who will undergo invasive urologic testing. The nurse has informed the patient that slight hematuria may occur after the testing is complete. The nurse should recommend what action to help resolve hematuria?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased fluids (A) clear hematuria post-testing. Diuretics (B) aren't indicated, massage (C) is ineffective, and activity limits (D) don't help, making A the recommendation.
Question 2 of 5
A 45-year-old man with diabetic nephropathy has ESKD and is starting dialysis. What should the nurse teach the patient about hemodialysis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemodialysis is the most commonly used method of dialysis. Patients receiving hemodialysis must undergo treatment for the rest of their lives or until they undergo successful kidney transplantation. Treatments usually occur three times a week for at least 3 to 4 hours per treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A patient on hemodialysis is given sevelamer hydrochloride with meals. What is the primary reason?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sevelamer binds phosphorus to prevent bone damage.
Question 4 of 5
Given the following conditions: Capsular hydrostatic pressure = 15 mm Hg, Glomerular plasma osmotic pressure = 25 mm Hg, Glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 75 mm Hg, What is the NET FILTRATION RATE?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Net filtration pressure (NFP) = Glomerular hydrostatic pressure (75 mm Hg) - (Capsular hydrostatic pressure (15 mm Hg) + Glomerular osmotic pressure (25 mm Hg)) = 75 - (15 + 25) = 35 mm Hg (A). This drives filtration; 85 (B), 65 (C), and 115 (D) miscalculate, making A correct.
Question 5 of 5
In the female urinary system, the urethral orifice is situated posterior to the vaginal orifice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In females, the urethral orifice is anterior to the vaginal orifice (B), not posterior, due to anatomical positioning (urethra above vagina). True (A) reverses this, making B correct.