ATI LPN
Nursing Fundamentals Exam for LPN Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is working with a client who has hypertension and wants to try lifestyle changes before beginning medications. Which nursing action promotes the client's health?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a hypertensive client opting for lifestyle changes, promoting health means boosting non-drug control teaching walking benefits lowers blood pressure via cardio fitness, a primary prevention step aligning with nursing's empowerment ethos. Walking 30 minutes most days cuts systolic pressure, per studies, delaying or avoiding meds. Screening for kidney disease is secondary, checking damage, not promoting wellness here. Referring to a nutritionist aids diet but isn't the action teaching is. Planning heart failure care is tertiary, unrelated. This education suits the client's goal, offering a tangible, self-led option walking's free, rural-friendly enhancing adherence and confidence, a nursing strategy to shift health trajectories before pharmacology.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is performing tracheal suctioning on an assigned client. The nurse uses which parameter as the accurate indicator of the effectiveness of suctioning?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clear breath sounds (A) accurately indicate suctioning effectiveness, showing secretion removal. Infrequent suctioning (B) isn't a direct measure. Minor saturation (C) or rate (D) changes are less specific. A is correct. Rationale: Clear lungs confirm airway patency, the primary goal of suctioning, per respiratory care standards.
Question 3 of 5
A client is diagnosed with a brain attack (cerebrovascular accident, CVA). The baseline vital signs are a pulse rate of 78 bpm and a blood pressure (BP) of 120/80 mm Hg. The nurse continues to monitor the vital signs and recognizes that which changes in vital signs indicate increased intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased ICP post-CVA shows Cushing's triad: bradycardia, hypertension, and widened pulse pressure. Pulse 50, BP 140/60 (A) fits this. B has high diastolic. C is near normal. D suggests shock. A is correct. Rationale: Bradycardia and widened pulse pressure reflect ICP's brainstem effect, a critical sign per stroke monitoring.
Question 4 of 5
All organisms in an ecosystem are involved in the carbon cycle. Outline the roles of living organisms in the carbon cycle.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Plants fixing CO2 in photosynthesis (A) is a primary carbon cycle role, initiating the process. Animals (B), decomposers (C), and humans (D) follow. A is correct. Rationale: Photosynthesis converts CO2 into organic compounds, the cycle's foundation, per ecology, driving carbon flow through ecosystems.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a traumatic brain injury. Which assessment finding indicates that the client is experiencing Cushing's triad?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cushing's triad (hypertension, widened pulse pressure, bradycardia) from ICP is seen in BP 180/60, pulse 50 (A). Others (B, C, D) don't match. A is correct. Rationale: Triad reflects brainstem compression, a late brain injury sign, per neurocritical care, requiring urgent intervention.