ATI LPN
Questions on the Immune System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about lifestyle changes to a client who had a myocardial infarction and has a new prescription for a beta blocker. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because counting the radial pulse rate before taking the beta blocker is important to monitor for bradycardia, a potential side effect. This demonstrates understanding of the medication's effect. Option B is incorrect as increasing salt intake is contraindicated in heart conditions. Option C is incorrect as vigorous exercise is not recommended post-myocardial infarction. Option D is incorrect as stopping medication abruptly can be dangerous and is not recommended without medical advice.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to transfuse a unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs) to a client who has anemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action is A: Witness the informed consent. This is the first step in the transfusion process to ensure the client's autonomy and understanding of the procedure. Without informed consent, the nurse cannot proceed with the transfusion. Checking the IV site (B) is important but not the first step. Verifying blood type (C) is crucial but can be done after obtaining consent. Priming the tubing (D) is necessary before starting the transfusion, but it comes after obtaining consent.
Question 3 of 5
Which medication is a tumor necrosis factor blocker?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adalimumab. Adalimumab is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blocker used to treat autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. It works by inhibiting TNF, a key inflammatory cytokine. Methotrexate (A) is an immunosuppressant, Leflunomide (C) is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, and Prednisone (D) is a corticosteroid. These medications work differently and are not TNF blockers.
Question 4 of 5
What is a consideration for patients taking colchicine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because colchicine commonly causes gastrointestinal (GI) upset as a side effect. This is due to its mechanism of action on the gastrointestinal tract. Retinal damage (B), bone marrow suppression (C), and hepatotoxicity (D) are not commonly associated with colchicine use, making them incorrect choices. It's crucial to monitor patients for GI symptoms when taking colchicine to ensure their safety and manage any adverse effects promptly.
Question 5 of 5
Which medication is associated with an increased risk of cardiac events?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Celecoxib. Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which has been associated with an increased risk of cardiac events, such as heart attacks and strokes. This is due to its mechanism of action, which can lead to elevated blood pressure and interfere with normal blood clotting. Celecoxib is specifically known to increase the risk of cardiovascular events compared to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen. Diclofenac, ibuprofen, and naproxen are traditional NSAIDs that can also have cardiovascular risks, but the risk is generally lower compared to celecoxib. In summary, celecoxib is associated with an increased risk of cardiac events due to its selective COX-2 inhibition, while the other choices are less likely to have as significant of an impact on cardiovascular health.