ATI LPN
Hematologic System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing for the admission of a child with a diagnosis of acute-stage Kawasaki disease. On assessment of the child, the nurse expects to note which clinical manifestation of the acute stage of the disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Conjunctival hyperemia. In Kawasaki disease, conjunctival hyperemia is a common clinical manifestation during the acute stage due to the inflammation of blood vessels. This is typically seen as redness in the eyes. Cracked lips (A) are more characteristic of conditions like dry weather or vitamin deficiencies. A normal appearance (B) would not be expected in a child with acute Kawasaki disease as they typically exhibit symptoms. Desquamation of the skin (D) is more commonly seen in the subacute stage of the disease rather than the acute stage.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following would the nurse perform to help alleviate a child’s joint pain associated with rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because using a bed cradle helps alleviate joint pain by avoiding pressure from bed linens. This reduces stress on the joints, promoting comfort and preventing further inflammation. Maintaining joints in an extended position (A) may worsen pain. Applying traction (B) can potentially aggravate the joints. Supporting alignment with pillows (C) may not directly address joint pain relief. Thus, D is the most suitable choice for alleviating joint pain in rheumatic fever.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Lymphocytes are part of the adaptive immune response, not innate. 2. Natural killer cells are part of the innate immune response and kill virus-infected cells. 3. Macrophages perform phagocytosis and kill microorganisms, matching their function. 4. Erythrocytes are red blood cells responsible for oxygen transport, matching their function. Therefore, A is the mismatched pair as lymphocytes belong to the adaptive immune response, not innate.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the predominant route by which pathogens are brought from a site of infection into a lymph node?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: afferent lymphatics. Afferent lymphatics are the vessels that carry lymph fluid from the site of infection to the lymph node, allowing pathogens to be transported to the lymph node for immune response. Efferent lymphatics (choice A) carry lymph away from the lymph node, arteries (choice B) carry oxygenated blood, and veins (choice C) carry deoxygenated blood, none of which are the primary route for pathogens to reach the lymph node.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is aware that blood type O is considered the universal donor. This means all patients can receive blood type O. Knowing this, which of the following statements is correct. (Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the statement is incorrect. A client with blood type AB cannot receive blood type ABO, as ABO is not a specific blood type. Blood type ABO includes blood types A, B, AB, and O. Therefore, the statement is nonsensical and misleading. Blood type AB can receive blood types A and B, but not ABO as a whole. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they correctly state that a client with blood type AB can receive blood types A, B, and O, respectively.