ATI LPN
LPN Fundamentals Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for several clients who have chronic conditions and live in a rural area. Which client would benefit most from tertiary prevention strategies?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary prevention optimizes chronic illness outcomes, vital in rural areas with care gaps. The COPD client in pulmonary rehab benefits most rehab post-diagnosis boosts lung capacity and endurance via tailored exercises, cutting exacerbations, a nursing-led strategy. The hypertensive client needs primary or secondary focus med adherence or screening not tertiary yet. The diabetic's foot checks are tertiary but self-managed, less intensive. The arthritis client's exercise class is tertiary too, but rehab's structured, multi-faceted approach (breathing techniques, education) outshines general exercise for impact studies show it slashes hospital stays. Nursing's role here maximizes function despite isolation, ensuring this client thrives, aligning with tertiary care's depth for complex chronicity.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assisting a health care provider with the insertion of an endotracheal tube (ETT). The nurse should plan to ensure that which is done as a final measure to determine correct tube placement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chest x-ray (D) is the final, definitive measure to confirm ETT placement. Hyperoxygenation (A) is preparatory. Breath sounds (C) are initial checks. Taping (B) follows confirmation. D is correct. Rationale: X-ray ensures the tube is above the carina, preventing misplacement, per intubation standards.
Question 3 of 5
Embryos that are produced by in vitro fertilization can be screened for genetic disease. Outline the process of in vitro fertilization, including one example of a situation when it is used.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IVF involves ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, sperm processing, fertilization, and embryo transfer. Need for genetic screening (C) is a situation, e.g., cystic fibrosis risk. Other options are valid but not the focus. C is correct. Rationale: IVF with preimplantation genetic diagnosis screens embryos for diseases, a key use, per reproductive medicine standards.
Question 4 of 5
A client reports left-sided chest pain after playing racquetball. The client is hospitalized and diagnosed with left pneumothorax. When assessing the client's left chest area, the nurse expects to identify which finding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Left pneumothorax causes absence of breath sounds (D) on the affected side due to lung collapse. Dullness (A) suggests consolidation. Fremitus (B) decreases. Rales/rhonchi (C) indicate fluid. D is correct. Rationale: Air in the pleural space silences breath sounds, a hallmark of pneumothorax, per respiratory assessment, guiding diagnosis and intervention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with a traumatic brain injury who has an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring device in place. The ICP reading suddenly increases to $25 \mathrm{mmHg}$. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ICP of 25 mmHg requires elevating HOB to 30 degrees (D) first to reduce pressure via venous drainage. Notification (A), pupils (B), or mannitol (C) follow. D is correct. Rationale: Immediate elevation lowers ICP non-invasively, a first-line action per neurocare protocols, buying time for further assessment.