ATI LPN
Immune System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has pernicious anemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Initiate weekly injections of vitamin B12. Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, leading to poor absorption of vitamin B12. Injecting B12 bypasses the need for intrinsic factor. Increasing dietary iron (B) is not indicated for pernicious anemia. Administering oral B12 (C) is ineffective due to poor absorption. Providing folic acid supplements (D) is not the primary intervention for pernicious anemia.
Question 2 of 5
What is a serious adverse effect of belimumab?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acute pulmonary edema. Belimumab is a monoclonal antibody used to treat systemic lupus erythematosus, and one of its serious adverse effects is acute pulmonary edema. This can occur due to an allergic reaction to the medication, resulting in fluid accumulation in the lungs. Bone marrow suppression (choice B) is not a common adverse effect of belimumab. Retinal damage (choice C) is not associated with belimumab use. Hepatotoxicity (choice D) is a known adverse effect of some medications but is not a prominent concern with belimumab. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it aligns with the drug's known adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
Which medication is used to inhibit renal reabsorption of urates?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Probenecid is the correct answer as it inhibits renal reabsorption of urates by blocking the URAT1 transporter. By decreasing uric acid reabsorption, it increases urate excretion, thus lowering serum uric acid levels. Allopurinol and Febuxostat are xanthine oxidase inhibitors used to reduce uric acid production, not reabsorption. Colchicine is used to treat acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation and does not affect urate reabsorption.
Question 4 of 5
A client is in the hospital and has received two doses of an angiotensin-converting enzyme for hypertension. When the nurse answers the client's call light, the client presents an appearance as shown below: What action by the nurse takes is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensure a patent airway while calling the Rapid Response Team. This is the most appropriate action because the client is showing signs of angioedema, a potentially life-threatening adverse reaction to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Angioedema can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress, so ensuring a patent airway is crucial. Calling the Rapid Response Team will provide immediate access to additional resources and expertise to manage the situation effectively. Choice A (Administer epinephrine) is incorrect because epinephrine is not the first-line treatment for angioedema caused by ACE inhibitors. Choice B (Apply oxygen) may be helpful but does not address the urgent need to secure the airway. Choice D (Reassure the client) is inappropriate as the situation requires immediate intervention to prevent respiratory compromise.
Question 5 of 5
A measure of the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells is represented by:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC). MCHC represents the concentration of hemoglobin in a given volume of packed red blood cells. It is calculated by dividing the hemoglobin concentration by the hematocrit value. MCV (A) represents the average volume of red blood cells, not hemoglobin concentration. Red cell width (B) is not a standard measure of hemoglobin concentration. MCH (C) represents the average amount of hemoglobin in individual red blood cells, not the concentration in a given volume.