ATI LPN
Perioperative Nursing Care Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the diagnostic study data of a patient with suspected cystic fibrosis (CF). Which of the following test results is associated with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosis relies on elevated sweat chloride concentration, typically >60 mmol/L, from a sweat test. CFTR gene mutations impair chloride transport, increasing salt in sweat glands a hallmark of CF alongside thick mucus in organs like lungs and pancreas. Proteinuria indicates kidney issues, unrelated to CF's ion channel defect. Positive phenylketonuria (PKU) reflects a metabolic disorder of phenylalanine, distinct from CF's respiratory-gastrointestinal focus. Lung biopsy malignancy suggests cancer, not CF, which causes bronchiectasis or infection, not tumors. The nurse's evaluation of high sweat chloride confirms CF's pathophysiology chloride retention driving viscous secretions guiding genetic testing (e.g., CFTR mutations) and management (e.g., airway clearance), critical for this lifelong condition's early intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about Azmacort, an inhaled corticosteroid. Which adverse effects should the nurse be sure to address in patient teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Teaching about Azmacort (triamcinolone), an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma, must address cough and oral thrush as key adverse effects. Cough can occur from airway irritation by the inhalant, a local reaction manageable with technique adjustment (e.g., spacer use). Oral thrush (candidiasis) results from steroid deposition in the mouth, suppressing local immunity rinsing after use prevents this fungal overgrowth. Dyspnea and increased secretions aren't typical; corticosteroids reduce secretions long-term. Nausea and vomiting are systemic effects, rare with inhaled forms unless overdosed. Fatigue and decreased consciousness suggest severe systemic absorption (e.g., adrenal suppression), uncommon at standard doses. The nurse's focus on these effects demonstrating rinsing and monitoring for white patches ensures safe use, aligning with asthma pharmacotherapy education to maintain efficacy and minimize complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is completing a medication history for the surgical patient in preadmission testing. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the patient to hold in preparation for surgery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ibuprofen, an NSAID, should be held before surgery because it inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time, increasing postoperative bleeding risk. This anticoagulant effect, lasting days, heightens hemorrhage potential in surgical wounds. Acetaminophen, a pain reliever without antiplatelet action, poses no bleeding risk and is safe preoperatively. Vitamin C supports wound healing with no surgical contraindications. Miconazole, an antifungal, doesn't affect clotting or surgery. The nurse's instruction to hold ibuprofen typically 7-10 days prior, per physician guidance mitigates bleeding complications, ensuring safer hemostasis during and after the procedure, a key preoperative safety measure.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse explains the pain relief measures available after surgery during preoperative teaching for a surgical patient. Which of the following comments from the patient indicates the need for additional education on this topic?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The comment 'I will have minimal pain because of the anesthesia' signals a need for more education, as anesthesia prevents pain during surgery, not after. Postoperative pain is expected as tissues heal and nerve endings react, requiring management like medications or splinting. Taking meds as prescribed and rating pain on a scale show understanding of pain control. Using meds before exercises aids mobility, a correct strategy. The nurse must clarify that anesthesia's effect ends post-procedure, preparing the patient for pain management options to ensure realistic expectations and effective recovery, per preoperative teaching goals.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient in the operating suite who is experiencing hypercarbia, tachypnea, tachycardia, premature ventricular contractions, and muscle rigidity. The nurse suspects that this patient may be experiencing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Malignant hyperthermia, a rare anesthesia complication, matches these symptoms hypercarbia (elevated CO2), tachypnea, tachycardia, PVCs, and muscle rigidity triggered by agents like succinylcholine. It's a hypermetabolic crisis requiring urgent dantrolene. Hypoxia shows low oxygen, not CO2 rise. Fluid imbalance lacks rigidity, presenting volume-related signs. Hemorrhage causes tachycardia but not rigidity or hypercarbia blood loss is key. The nurse's suspicion drives immediate action, aligning with protocols to reverse this life-threatening state intraoperatively.